subject: Introduction To Matrices [print this page] A matrix is a group of figures arranged into a set number of rows and columns. In general the figures are real figures.
In general, matrices can include complex numbers but we won't see those here.
Each digit that builds up a matrix is called an element of the matrix. The elements in a matrix have specific locations
Different Types of Matrices
The following are different types of matrices,
row matrix
column matrix
zero matrix or a null matrix
square matrix
diagonal matrix
unit matrix
Description about the different types of matrices:
Row matrix:
Row Matrix is a matrix with only one row.
Amount of two row matrices of same dimension is also a row matrix of the same dimension.
The dimension of a row matrix is given as 1 n where n is the number of columns.
Example of Row Matrix
Its a row matrix as it has only one row [ 1,5,3 ]
Column Matrix:
A column matrix is a matrix which contains only one column.
c=(3)
C is a column matrix of order 1 1
d= '((-5),(3))'
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D is a column matrix of order 2 1
A column matrix of order 2 1 is also called a vector matrix.
zero matrix or a null matrix:
A zero matrix or a null matrix which contains all the elements are zero.
O = '[[0,0,0],[0,0,0]]'
O is a order of matrix 2*3
Square matrix:
A square matrix is a matrix in which all the rows and columns are equal.
T='[[5,3],[3,0]]'
T is a square matrix with the order of 2*2
V= '[[7,1,9],[5,6,4],[3,8,2]]'
V is a square matrix with the order of 3*3
Diagonal matrix:
A diagonal matrix is also a square matrix which contains all the elements are zero except for those in the diagonal from top left to bottom right; which is known as the leading diagonal of the matrix.
B= '[[3,0,0],[0,4,0],[0,0,2]]'
B represents a diagonal matrix
unit matrix
A unit matrix is also a diagonal matrix when elements in the diagonal are all same ones.
P= '[[1,0,0],[0,1,0],[0,0,1]]'
Here P denotes the UNIT matrix
Examples for Different Types of Matrices:
let we see some examples for the different types of matrices;
Square matrix:
A square matrix is a matrix in which all the rows and columns are equal.
T= '[[5,3],[3,0]]'
T is a square matrix with the order of 2*2
V='[[7,1,9],[5,6,4],[3,8,2]]'
V is a square matrix with the order of 3*3
Diagonal matrix:
The diagonal matrix is also a square matrix which contains all the elements are zero except for those in the diagonal from top left to bottom right; which is known as the leading diagonal of the matrix.
B= '[[3,0,0],[0,4,0],[0,0,2]]'
B represents a diagonal matrix
unit matrix
A unit matrix is also a diagonal matrix when elements in the diagonal are all same ones.
