subject: Cancer Disease Causes And Risk Factors [print this page] The entire human body is made up of cells, each of which contains its own genetic material, or DNA-a long string of molecules that tells the cell what to do .In a healthy body, cells divide at a controlled rate so as to grow and reduce pair damaged tissues and replace dying cells.
This predetermined rate of cell division is what keeps our bodies healthy. If cells keep multiplying when new ones are not necessary, a mass of tissue called a growth, or tumor, is formed.
A tumor can be either benign or malignant. Benign tumors are not cancerous. They can occur anywhere in the body and generally do not pose a threat to health, do not metastasize (spread to other parts of body), and do not grow back if removed.
Malignant tumors are cancerous. They are usually serious and can be life-threatening. Malignant tumors grow uncontrollably, interfere with normal metabolic and organ functioning, and have the ability to metastasize and invade other tissues.
Causes:
Possible contributors to the development and growth of cancer be divided into three categories-external, internal, and lifestyle.
External factors include unhealthy workplace environments and exposure to air and water pollution, chemicals, pesticides, and herbicides.
Internal factors include both genetics (heredity) and infections.
Lifestyles factors are those we personally can most readily control. These are also the factors scientists believe account for the largest proportion of cancers. They include diet, smoking, drinking, and sun exposure.
For example, persons who do not smoke but are exposed to cigarette smoke have significantly higher rates of lung cancer than nonsmokers who are not. Regular alcohol consumption increases the risk of mouth and throat cancers.
Risk factors include
Internal factors include both genetics (heredity) and infections.
Lifestyles factors are those we personally can most readily control.
Persons who do not smoke but are exposed to cigarette smoke have significantly higher rates of lung cancer than nonsmokers who are not.
Regular alcohol consumption increases the risk of mouth and throat cancers.
Classification
It's more accurate to say it's a collection of about 100 similar diseases.
There are more than one hundred different varieties of cancer However, most types of cancer fall into one of four broad categories:
Carcinoma: Malignant tumors derived from epithelial cells. This group represents the most common cancers, including the common forms of breast, prostate, lung and colon cancer.
Sarcoma: Malignant tumors derived from connective tissue, or mesenchymal cells.
Lymphoma and leukemia: Malignancies derived from hematopoietic (blood-forming) cells
Germ cell tumor: Tumors derived from totipotent cells. In adults most often found in the testicle and ovary; in fetuses, babies, and young children most often found on the body midline, particularly at the tip of the tailbone; in horses most often found at the poll (base of the skull).
Blastic tumor or blastoma: A tumor (usually malignant) which resembles an immature or embryonic tissue. Many of these tumors are most common in children.
How to identify cancer
classic early warnings signs of cancer, which can be remembered by the acronym Cautions, are the following:
Change in bowel or bladder habits.
A sore that does not heal.
Unusual bleeding or discharge.
Thickening or lump in breast or elsewhere.
Indigestion or difficulty in swallowing.
Obvious change in a wart or mole.
Nagging cough or hoarseness.
Unintentional Weight Loss.
A fever that is persistent or one that comes and goes frequently.
Persistent fatigue is a symptom of both malignant and non-malignant conditions.
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