subject: Bacteria : Agrobacterium Tumefaciens [print this page] This is the plant's response to the presence of the parasite with an abnormal growth of tissue that attempts to isolate the attack or infection . This newly formed tissue takes many forms.
In the gills of oak ( Quercus robur and Quercus petraea ), produced by Hymenoptera cynipids are curious alternating generations of these insects. In the fall Dryophanta folii , Agama or asexual, lays its eggs in young shoots and buds produce small gall winter, the next generation emerge in April and May. The gendered form of cinpido, Dryophanta taschenbergii female, once fertilized, lays its eggs on the leaves of the oakgalls producing summer incubators asexually.
The producers of galls on plants are:
?insects: wasps cinpidas , various types of flies ( Cecidomyiidae and Tephritidae ), aphids and psyllids .
?fungi : Gymnosporangium
?Bacteria : Agrobacterium tumefaciens
?virus
?plant : Viscum
Species Mediterranean of Quercus : Quercus infectoria of Asia Minor, Quercus lusitanica and Quercus faginea the western Mediterranean , gall-called spheroidal gallaritas in Castile, by bitingHymenoptera galgenos , Cynips galleae in the cambial region of the young shoots, in trade galls are common Aleppo, Basra, etc.., containing from 60 to 70% of tannic acid , 3% of gallic acid and 2%ellagic acid , used as astringent and hemostatic . Of them is obtained gallic acid (by hydrolysis of tannic), widely used in the manufacture of many pharmaceuticals, as well as for the preparation of blue dye and / or black.
The commensalism is a form of biological interaction in which one of the speakers makes a profit while the other is not harmed nor benefited neither. The term comes from the Latin com mensa , meaning "sharing table". It was originally used to describe the use of food waste by a second animal, as the scavengers who follow the game, but wait until the first one done eating. Individuals in a population use the resources that have surplus to another stock. Other forms of commensalism include:
?Phoresis : used by the second organism for transportation. Examples: the drag on the shark , or mites on beetle Necrophila American or even mites on insects Hymenoptera .
?Inquilinismo : when the second body is hosted in the first. Examples: plants epiphytes living on trees as some bromeliads , and birds like the woodpecker , which lives in holes made in trees,barnacle on the shell of a mussel .
?Metabiosis or tanatocresia : it is a more indirect dependency, in which the second organism uses something the first, but it does after the death of it. One example is the hermit crab using a conch shell to protect your body. Some authors call it tanatocresis (from Greek ???at?? Thanatos , "death"). 1
Commensalism is a relationship by which one species benefits from another without causing harm or benefit. The benefit may be trophic for example scavenger birds that feed on the remains left by predators, or the benefit is offset like remora fish that attach to the surface of larger fish to be transported effortlessly their part. If the benefit is shelter or protection inquilinismo then we talk about.
