subject: The Summer And Home Gardens [print this page] What we know about pests and diseases of grapes
Grape plants are damaged by many insects, mites, fungi, bacteria and viruses, so no system of protective measures can not obtain stable and high-quality grape harvests .
In Kyrgyzstan, a fairly widespread: from pests - arachnoid mite, grape tick, Grozdeva Tortrix, poultry from disease - oidium, patchy necrosis, gray mold, bacterial canker, non-infectious chlorosis.
Arachnoid mite
More prominent causes damage to the vineyards, which are systematically nedopolivayutsya. Overwinter under the bark of trunks and branches vine . Mass reproduction of the mite usually begins in late May.
He lives on the underside of leaves, where punctures the skin and through the hole made ??by draining the contents of cells, including the chlorophyll grains. To the site first appear yellow spots, which grow and coalesce into large patches. Damaged leaves turn brown, the rate of photosynthesis is reduced, resulting in a sugar content of fruit and plant productivity plummet. During the summer hatches 4-5 generations.
The first and most severely affected varieties of pubescence - Muscat, Aligote, Riesling, Portugizer.
The best conditions for the development of mite - low humidity (40-55%) at a temperature of 29-32 C.
Control measures in the autumn, after trimming carefully collected, removed from the vineyard and burn all the remains. During the growing season have plots of weeds in pure state, since they are a constant source of replenishment of the pest.
After blooming buds to spray one of organophosphorus pesticides - fosfamidom (0.1%), fozalonom (0.2%), keltanom (0.2%); pollination bushes powdered sulfur mixed with hydrated lime (1 part + 2 parts diluent), spraying a suspension of colloidal sulfur. In late July - early August selectively spraying again. To destroy the hibernating form of mite fall is recommended to spray the bushes with 1% DNOC.
Grape tick
Microscopically small mite with an elongated worm-like body, belongs to the family of gall mites. Hibernates under the bud scales of grapes, as well as a detached bark at the base of annual shoots . During bud settles on the leaves, shortly reproduce by laying eggs on the underside of the leaf. Over the summer, growing 10-12 generations.
As a result, power on the upper side of leaves, blistering or rough spots, and on the bottom, they correspond to depressed cell cavities, which are covered with heavily overgrown fuzz or felt a touch. Initially, this voylochek whitish, and later becomes yellowish-brown color. Severely damage the Muscat Hamburg, White Muscat , Cabernet Sauvignon, Riesling, etc.
Severe damage of the leaves causes a general inhibition of plant growth, reduced yield.
Control measures include removal and disposal of residues from green operations. In the spring spraying bushes polibaritom (3-5%), 0,5-DNOC solution (50 g per 10 liters of water) in the summer - spraying a suspension of colloidal sulfur
(20 g per 1 liter of water) or 0.2% keltanom, 0.3%-s rogorom (BI-58), 0.3-0.4%-s tedionom.
If the damage from mites minor grape, the special treatments do not have enough to struggle with oidium, as used in this act of sulfur drugs and grape against mites.
