subject: Outline Of Bridge Design, Plans And Structures [print this page] Bridge plans are mainly generally used as supplements to the actual construction plans. The rudimentary types of sheets in a set of bridge plans engage General plans, Notes, Structural drawings, Contractor plans and quantity estimates. This article is covering of full detail all of the above, so first of all we will be start form Structural Drawings.
Structural Drawings
The commercial bridge contains major three structural members likewise Substructure (foundation), Superstructure and Deck. The foundation is used to transmit the complete weight of the bridge to the earth so it is made up of two main components - abutments and columns. An abutment is connects between the end of the bridge and the ground offering support to the end segments of the bridge. The great structure is the horizontal stage that extends over the distance between columns. The deck of the bridge is the traffic-carrying external plane added to the superstructure.
The bridge design includes numerous of factors, including the live/ dead loads, wind patterns, local geography, soil conditions, water streams, estimated traffic and cost constrains.
The rudimentary type of bridges is the beam or Girder Bridge having real bean as its major component, the design of per-stressed concrete beams is maybe one of the most difficult jobs for the structural people. With most materials, the designers have to select the shape of the cross section and web thickness. In per-stressed concrete, there are many variables. Not only the shape is variable, but the position and quantity of the per-stress can be changed to suit the specific application.
The structural people firm requires preparing and submitting various construction drawings to local authorities and Engineer of records for approval. Drawings related to concrete beam design contain beam reinforcement details, design notes, precast slab reinforcements details, bridge cross section, pier pile cap details, lot of detail drawings for the concrete bridge.
General Plan
It include a plan view, that is the bridge seen from the peak and an elevation view, which is the bridge seen from the sideways.
The plan view provides:
Center lines for the roadway, bridge structure and bearing
view location of the bridge
Hurdles the bridge is intended to cross
Lengths of individual spans and the whole bridge
The elevation view provides:
Real and estimated ground lines
Placements of fixed & expansion bearings
Elevations of highways, water pipelines and railroads, etc to be traversed
