subject: Common Human Diseases That Are Caused By Genetic Disorders [print this page] Although all the diseases are not caused by bacteria or viruses but many develop because of our genes that is our genes are responsible for many acquired and acute diseases.Information about various diseases can be taken from medical applications,medical animations and disease movies.
Lets first understand what genetic disorders are.Environmental and genetic factors are responsible for the development of the disease.Genetic disorders are caused by abnormalities in an individuals genetic material known as genome.The genetic disorders can be classified into four types.
Single-gene
Multifactorial
Chromosomal
Mitochondrial
Single-gene disorders are also known as Mend Elian or monogenic.These disorders are caused by changes or mutations that occur in the DNA sequence of a gene. Genes perform many life functions and are responsible for making the majority of cellular structures.When it is required that the protein product of the gene can no longer perform its normal functions then the genetic mutation takes place.Some single gene disorders are cystic fibrosis,sickle cell anemia,Marfan syndrome,Huntingtons disease and hereditary hemochromatosis.
Multifactorial genetic disorders are caused by combination of environmental factors and multiple gene mutation.Some of the most common chronic disorders are multifactorial for example heart disease,high blood pressure,Alzheimers disease,arthritis,diabetes,cancer and obesity.It is also associated with heritable traits such as height,eye color,skin color,patter of fingerprints etc.
In chromosomal disorders,the distinct structures,which are made up of DNA and protein are located on each cell of the nucleus.Chromosomes carry genetic material.Any abnormality in chromosome structure such as extra copies,rejoining (translocation) etc. can result in the disease.Down syndrome is a common disorder caused by this.
Mitochondrial is a rare type of genetic disorder.It is caused by mutations in the no chromosomal DNA of the mitochondria.Mitochondria are involved in the cellular respiration and these are found in the cytoplasm of plants and animal cells.Mitochondria may contain 5 to 10 pieces of DNA.
The normal function of gene is to encode a protein.Genes are not made up to cause diseases while genetic diseases are caused by any abnormality in the genes.Disorders occur due to malfunctioning in them.
More information about the diseases can be obtained with the help of medical application,medical animation and disease movies.These are extremely useful in getting thorough information and also help to spread information about the diseases.The precautions and preventions are also described in a very entertaining way which is quite easy to grasp.
