subject: Working With Titanium: Machining Basics [print this page] Titanium is becoming more and more prevalent in our lives. In fact, it is used in everything from medical equipment, jewelry and even in aerospace engineering.
New advances in machining technology have allowed titanium manufacturers to process the metal with fast metal removal rates, extended tool life and increased productivity. Proper titanium machining equipment is durable and rigid. It is capable of staying in place as the work is done, since the equipment will vibrate at high frequencies.
All machines used for efficient titanium machining have things in common including high-torque spindles, fast acceleration and deceleration and stability. This equipment should be taken care of properly. In fact, one of the main necessities for titanium machinery is proper coolant. Without proper coolant, machines can wear and break. Because these machines work at high speeds, it is important to maintain the proper lubrication during use.
When cutting titanium, it is important to use cutting geometries that yield low cutting forces, part deflection and heat creation. You can help this by using a continuous feed so that the work piece does not harden. You will want to make sure the titanium you are cutting is at the softest state possible.
Be knowledgeable of the different grades of titanium you are working with. Each titanium grade is comprised of different alloys and requires different machining standards. There are some general guidelines to consider. For example, you will always want to make sure your tools are sharpened. You will want to reduce the heat by using ample cutting fluids.
When welding, bear in mind that a clean surface is essential during the process. Use the required gas shielding. Titanium reacts readily with hydrogen, oxygen and nitrogen and exposure to such elements will have negative impacts on the welding process. The best way to determine a quality weld is by color. A bright, silver weld indicates a well-done weld. On the flip side, if you are experiencing discoloration, it is a sign that you should inspect the surface area as well as the tools.
