subject: Ground Source Heat Pump, If Not 100% Of The Recharge Will Be A Disaster [print this page] Channel Recommended: HVAC 2008 inventory of the first half of the most popular products
Introduction Pump Technology in the HVAC field composed of heat Pump Heating method can not only avoid the "high energy? Heating? Waste" in the traditional way of heating, but skip the "end process of governance" in the second model, directly to the "renewable energy + high energy? Heating ? waste and renewable energy "part of the energy of the closed-loop recycling process of the third mode of circulation. Therefore, in recent years, heat pump heating (cooling) is widely used in China [1]. However, all countries and the development of heat pump situation, we clearly see that the heat pump in the world so many times during the development of stagnation heat pump, heat pump market decline and other issues. We should learn from countries in the development of heat pump well of experience and lessons learned in order to avoid the rapid development of heat pump in China in the future development of similar stagnation. To this end, writing for the issue of good scientific warnings??? Groundwater recharge of ground water heat pump if not 100% will be disaster for future generations. The reason is very simple, namely:
The shortage of groundwater resources; ? Is serious overexploitation of groundwater has caused a number of geological disasters, be solved;
Currently, the domestic operation of recharging ground water source heat pump system there were many problems, it has not caused great concern in the relevant departments;
Domestic authorities and the owners of the recharge of groundwater source heat pump system, the lack of effective management and monitoring.
1, the shortage of groundwater resources
Global underground water, 0.237 108km3, only 1.71% of total global water, salt water which is 0.1287 108km3, fresh water is 0.1083 108km3 [2]. The volume of China's underground fresh water resources 694km3 [3], only the world's underground water resources 0.6/10000 shows the total water-poor country. At the same time, due to the topography, rainfall distribution of regional differences, so rich in our groundwater resources of the South, the North-poor characteristics. Accounting for 60% of the total area of natural groundwater resources in northern areas is about 260km3 / a, accounting for about groundwater quantity of natural resources 30%, less than the South 1 / 2. Country's total area of about 1 / 3 of natural groundwater resources in the Northwest region of about 110km3 / a, accounting for about groundwater quantity of natural resources 13%; the Southeast and South regions, an area of only 13% of the country, but the amount of groundwater natural resources about 260km3 / a, accounting for about groundwater natural resources of the 30% [2]. Uneven distribution of groundwater, for the universal promotion and application of groundwater source heat pump to bring geographical limitations.
Large population, per capita fresh water resources for the 900m3, below the world average of 1 / 4, the world No. 110, by the United Nations as 13 one of the typical water-poor [4]. Coupled with severe water pollution, resulting in more than 600 cities in China have more than 300 cities in water [5], according to 1988 statistics, more than 300 water shortage in cities, which is a serious water shortage in more than 100 cities, mainly concentrated in the north, the peak season to only 65% of water consumption, the country of urban water reached 16 million m3. Especially in northern areas, due to the lack of surface water resources, mainly water on the extraction of groundwater to make up the deficiency.
Under the "2000 China Water Resources Bulletin" recorded in 2000, the total water volume of 553.1 billion m3, of which groundwater extraction capacity of 106 billion m3. Northern Song Liaohe, Haihe, Yellow, Huaihe four Basin, groundwater extraction capacity of 84.5 billion m3, accounting for 79% of groundwater extraction. Groundwater north of total water supply capacity in a large proportion of the water supply. 66% of the Haihe River, Yellow River, 60%, 59% of the Liaohe River. The South Basin the ratio of total water supply of groundwater are below 5%, but concentrated in the urbanized area.
Based on this situation, the decision of the groundwater source heat pump can only be collected through the shallow groundwater to energy (heat), but no longer result in waste and pollution of groundwater resources.
2, overexploitation of groundwater problems and lessons
Overexploitation of groundwater is in two parts: First, groundwater overexploitation, the groundwater extraction exceeds the corresponding mean annual total recharge, causing water tables are falling phenomenon; Second, deep artesian water overexploitation, supply is difficult because of its large-scale mining can be regarded as excessive extraction volume.
As groundwater exploitation was too concentrated in urban areas caused by declining water table, land subsidence, saltwater intrusion and other environmental and geological problems.
2? 1 regional groundwater level decline, expanding cone of depression area
Example:
Beijing is over exploited the decline in the formation of 1000km2 funnel, funnel area average water level dropped more than 4m, central water level 20-30m, a serious regional reach 40m [5].
