subject: Important Knowledge about Orchid Types and Species [print this page] Orchids are wonderful plants to grow because of the numerous species and hybrid flowers to choose from. But in reality, there are only two core types of orchids.
Terrestrial orchids are the first type that is usually found on the ground while the second type of orchid is epiphytes. This type is usually found attached to trees, boulders or poles.
For most buyers, the Terrestrial orchids are the first choice. Certainly most Terrestrial orchids have root systems below the surface of the potting medium similar to other types of plants, but there are a few that are capable of aerial root systems as well.
For example Cymbidium orchids have approximately 40 different species and a large number of hybrids. This type of orchid was among the first to be cultivated and they are a good example of terrestrials that can live both on the ground and mature in trees and rocks. Typically they can thrive in the loose humus resulting from rotting wood and decaying leaves.
In their natural environment, Cymbidium orchids can be found in Southeast Asia, Japan as well as Australia. This species is highly popular because they are easy to grow and manage on a week to week basis which makes them a great choice for new orchid growers. With good care, you will love the beauty this type of orchid can bring for years to come.
When you hear the term epiphytes, this doesn't necessarily refer only to orchids. This term references any plant with a root system that is above the ground.
Probably the most popular epiphyte orchid is the Dendrobiums. Despite being fairly simple to grow and maintain, they do tend to demand more attention and care than Cymbidiums. And this type of orchid does not tend to flower as quickly, however you can find more than 1000 species to choose from.
The Dendrobium orchids can be found in tropical climates such as Northern India, Southeast Asia, some parts of Australia and Polynesia. They thrive in warm, humid environments and need to be kept moist consistently which is a common challenge for many growers.
One of the most common epiphyte orchids is the Phalaenopsis (Phal). The Phal orchid is considered easy to grow and maintain and have durable blossoms. You will likely see them at marriage ceremonies because they can be found in a variety of colors including yellows, pinks and striped combinations.
Epiphytic orchids need structure like trees to thrive. And while they need a tree or some structure to attach, they don't acquire their nourishment from the tree or structure.
Basically their fleshly roots attach to the bark, limbs or rough edges of a rock. And in the wild they use the organic debris that builds up in between the roots and the branches of the tree for nourishment. They root themselves by means of their fleshy roots on limbs or even bark of trees.
The root systems of the epiphytic orchids can successfully feed the plant through both wet and dry cycles. The tough, stringy core of the main root system is surrounded by a spongy off-white covering that soaks up water easily.
When it rains or water is provided, this unique cover soaks up water. When the root is totally soaked, it actually turns light green. The orchid's natural roots preserve the moisture content and then slowly feed the plant tissues as needed.
There are a few species of epiphytic orchids that can successfully attach themselves to rocks. Hanging precariously from trees or rocks, these epiphytes thrive in filtered light and always in open, airy environments.
Important Knowledge about Orchid Types and Species
