subject: Poisoning By Salicylates - What You Should Know [print this page] Poisoning by salicylates is an acute or chronic poisoning of medical resources of the containing salicylates, occurs when you accidentally or in large doses, as well as the use of external funds (ointments, solutions) on a large surface of the skin.
Thus, intoxication may be caused not only acetylsalicylic acid and salicylates, which aren't related to aspirin. These are:
the form on the basis of salicylic acid;
salicylamide;
sodium salicylate;
sulfasalazine, etc.
Poisoning (the appearance of tachypnea due to the development of metabolic acidosis, hypoglycemia) is possible in infants through mother's milk, if it takes salicylates.
Toxic effects of salicylates are to stimulate the respiratory center and gluconeogenesis, dissociation of oxidative phosphorylation, inhibition of dehydrogenases in the Krebs cycle, and aminotransferases cyclooxygenase (antiplatelet effect), enhanced lipolysis, inhibition and inhibition of synthesis of clotting factors.
As a result, the combined effect of developing respiratory alkalosis and progressive metabolic acidosis. Acidemia often leads to neurological disorders, coma, pulmonary edema and death. When poisoning acetylsalicylic acid naturally disturbed hemostasis in bleeding side, against the background of emerging mucosal ulceration of the gastrointestinal tract (GIT) (especially antral and prepiloric divisions of the stomach) gives bleeding.
In addition, the effects of salicylates, irritating the gastric mucosa, stimulating the chemoreceptors can cause excitation of the emetic center, as well as provoke interstitial nephritis, acute tubular necrosis and nekardiogenny pulmonary edema.
Risk Factors:
early childhood or senile age;
concomitant poisoning by other substances;
condition or disease, accompanied by metabolic or respiratory acidosis, dehydration.
Indications for hospitalization:
1. If well-established that adopted dose salicylate does not exceed 100 mg / kg, poisoning valued as lightweight, not requiring treatment,
2. In case of doubt the patient is subject to monitoring and implementation of the first, most urgent events first on the pre-hospital, then in the hospital;
3. All the victims of poisoning a large dose of salicylates, as well as showing symptoms of developing Reye syndrome, are subject to compulsory hospitalization,
4. Patients in a coma immediately transported to the emergency room
5. In case of suicide attempt is shown consulting a psychiatrist.
Cleansing the body includes gastric lavage and osmotic laxative intake. You should borne in mind that toxic doses of salicylates cause pyloric spasm and lead to delay in gastric emptying, so the washing is effective even after 12 or more hours from receipt of toxins in the body. Salicylates are actively removed from the body by extracorporeal blood purification methods. At the level of toxins in the blood of 100-200 mg/100 ml (especially in the convulsive syndrome) is shown hemodialysis.
