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Goa:
About: Goa is India's smallest state by area and the fourth smallest by population. Located in South West India in the region known as the Konkan, it is bounded by the state of Maharashtra to the north and by Karnataka to the east and south, while the Arabian Sea forms its western coast. Goa is India's richest state with a GDP per capita two and a half times that of the country as a whole. It was ranked the best placed state by the Eleventh Finance Commission for its infrastructure and ranked on top for the best quality of life in India by the National Commission on Population based on the 12 Indicators.
History
Goa's long history as a Portuguese colony began in 1510, when Alfonso de Albuquerque took it for Portugal from the Muslim invaders, who had in turn defeated the previous Hindu rulers 40 years earlier. Under the Portuguese, Franciscan and Jesuit missionaries zealously set about converting the population to Catholicism and built the impressive churches and cathedrals that remain to this day. Around 30% (2001 census) of the population remain Christian.
The 450 year colonial era came to an end in 1961 when India, tired of having its demands for Portugal to cede the state ignored, sent troops who successfully invaded and expelled the colonial rulers from Goa and the other Portuguese colony of Daman and Diu, finally marking the end of all colonial occupation in India 14 years after independence from the British.
Places to Visit: Tourism is generally focused on the coastal areas of Goa, with decreased tourist activity inland. In 2010, there were more than two million tourists reported to have visited Goa, about 1.2 million of who were from abroad.
Goa is world famous for its beaches, its ancient temples and churches, and its Goan carnival.
Anjuna Beach
Arambol Beach
Mandrem Beach
Candolim and Sinquerim
Colva Beach
Calangute Beach
Baga Beach
Historic sites and neighborhoods: Goa has two World Heritage Sites: the Bom Jesus Basilica and a few designated convents. The Basilica holds the mortal remains of St. Francis Xavier, regarded by many Catholics as the patron saint of Goa (the patron of the Archdiocese of Goa is actually the Blessed Joseph Vaz). Once every twelve years, the body is taken down for veneration and for public viewing. The last such event was conducted in 2004. The Velhas Conquistas regions are also known for its Goa-Portuguese style architecture. There are many forts in Goa such as Tiracol, Chapora, Corjuem, Aguada, Gaspar Dias and Cabo de Rama.
Museums and science center: Goa also has a few museums, the two important ones being Goa State Museum and the Naval Aviation Museum. The Aviation museum is the only one of its kind in the whole of India. Also, a place not well known to tourists is the Goa Science Center, which is located in Panjim. The National Institute of Oceanography (NIO) is also located in Goa at Dona Paula.
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