A Little History Of Granada

Grenada is the capital city of the Province of Granada

, which is an autonomous community in Spain. The city, which is next to the Sierra Nevada mountains, is 738 meters above sea level. The native tribes occupied the place at the beginning, when it was still called Ilbyr. The Romans changed its name to Illibris when they established it as their own city when they colonized Southern Spain. During that time, the city minted its distinct coins. The name Grenada was given by the Arabs in the eighth century when they invaded the Iberian peninsula. It remained a Muslim city until 1492, when the Christians took it over, long after other Muslim cities had been taken. That happened under the reign of Queen Isabel of Castile, together with her husband, Ferdinand of Aragon.

During the 14th century, the Nazari Dynasty oversaw the erection of the Alhambra, which is a series of gardens and palaces. The Alhambra is still one of the hallmarks of architecture that you can see in Granada. It is among the greatest attractions to cultural enthusiasts and tourists in general, giving the city its Islamic historical legacy. In the middle of the Alhambra is the impressive Palace of Charles V, which is a classic piece of architecture of the Spanish Renaissance.

The Moors occupied most of the Iberian Peninsula in 711 and they established Al-Andalus. They joined forces with the Jewish community who lived at the outskirts of the city and they conquered the city completely in 713. They repaired most of the Roman infrastructure and extended them for irrigation purposes. The Moors introduced new crops and agricultural methods. Although the Jews referred to the city as 'Ilbira', the Christian community referred to it as 'Elvira'.

Granada was established as the capital city of a province of Caliphate of Cordoba until 1010 when it was destroyed following civil wars in the Caliphate. When it was rebuilt, the city included the outskirts where the Jews used to live, which was known as Gharnata. In 1013, the Zirid dynasty was established and the city was declared an independent emirate.

When Idris, the Almohad prince, left to assume the Almohad leadership in 1228, Ibn al-Ahmar established the Nasrids, which was the Muslim dynasty that lasted the longest. In 1238, the city was formally established as the Emirate of Granada after the Nasrids had aligned with Ferdinand III of Castile.

Emir Muhammad XII surrendered full control of the emirates to Queen Isabel (Isabella I) and her husband, Ferdinand II, on January 2, 1492. That marked him as the last Sultan of Iberia.

According to the Alhambra Decree treaty, the Muslim residents were not to be interfered with, both in terms of custom and faith. However, Cardinal Francisco Jimenez de Cisneros started forced baptisms in 1499 when he realized that Fernando de Talavera, the first Archbishop in Granada, was not succeeding in winning conversions. That resulted in a Muslim revolt in the southern parts of the city, consequently leading to the revocation of the treaty in 1501.

by: Archie Blazer

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