A mixed-signal design of universal battery charger
A mixed-signal design of universal battery charger
Discuss the two most common chemical batteries: lithium ion batteries and nickel-metal hydride batteries. Through this discussion acer aspire 532h battery , can develop a mixed-signal common battery charger, this charger can charge the battery of the two.
Battery charging system to consider
To quickly and reliably complete the battery, charging systems require high performance. The following system parameters are the design of economic and reliable solution must be considered.
Input source
Many applications are used as a cheap wall adapter input power, this adapter's output voltage is highly dependent on changes in the larger AC adapter input voltage and load current. Charging through the car adapter is also facing the same problem. Car adapter output voltage range is typically 9V "18V.
Output voltage regulation accuracy
For the lithium-ion battery, for the maximum utilization of battery capacity, output voltage regulation accuracy is critical. Small output voltage accuracy battery capacity reduction will result in a significant reduction. Of course, for security and reliability concerns, the output voltage does not indefinitely increase. Figure 1 indicate the importance of the output voltage regulation accuracy.
Method of charging end
Both the lithium-ion batteries or nickel metal hydride battery, charging is a fatal weakness. The charging system is safe and reliable, accurate method of charging end is very critical.
Battery temperature monitoring
Rechargeable battery charging temperature range is usually 0 C "45 C between the temperature exceeds this range, the battery charge will cause the battery to overheat. In the process of charging, the battery internal pressure increases, therefore, the battery will expansion, high temperature and pressure inside the battery may cause the battery to mechanical cracking or explosion, or there is leakage. in the 0 C "45 C temperature range for charging the battery outside the battery performance will damage or shorten its life expectancy.
Battery discharge current or reverse leakage current
In many applications, even if the input power is switched off, and battery charging system is still connected, so this time the battery charging system must ensure that the leakage current as small as possible. Maximum allowable leakage current should be less than a few mA, less than ideal situation is 1mA.
Battery Charger hp pavilion dm4 battery
Taking into account the factors in front of the system, can develop the appropriate charge management system.
Linear solution
When the input source voltage is good, you can use the linear charging solutions. Microchip's MCP738xx linear battery charger series is a linear charging solution for example. In these applications, the linear solution provides many advantages such as easy to use, small size and low cost.
Switch mode charging solution
The wide input voltage range of situations, such as non-regulated AC-DC wall adapter or a car DC input, switching regulator battery charger can be reduced within a reasonable level of power loss.
Select Topology
Topology switching regulator determines the voltage regulator switches and passive filter components of the composition. This constitutes a difference with the choice of topology changes, which in complexity, efficiency, noise and the trade-off between output voltage range. Power converter topology lot, but only a few for 5W "50W range of battery chargers.
Buck Regulator
Buck regulator is a commonly used battery charging application topology. Buck Regulator has the following advantages and disadvantages:
Advantages: 1. Complexity low, single-inductor structure. 2. For synchronous applications, the conversion efficiency up to 90%.
Disadvantages: 1. Buck regulator diode integrated MOSFET switches in the absence of input voltage discharge path would constitute a battery. Therefore, an additional blocking diode required, additional devices also cause the system to appear in the additional pressure drop. 2. Buck regulator's input current is pulsed or intermittent. In this topology results in a higher power input electromagnetic interference (EMI). Most of the buck regulator will need additional input EMI filtering. 3. Buck regulator can only compare the input voltage and low output voltage regulator. Some applications of the input voltage range, to cover the required output voltage range. For multi-cell lithium ion battery cells for charging the battery pack consisting of the application, this is very common. 4. Occurs when the buck switch short circuit, short circuit between the input to the probook 4510s battery . Do not have internal protection for the battery of nickel metal hydride batteries, it will lead to security problems. 5. Buck regulator requires high-end drive (for N-channel MOSFET switch), compared with the low-end topology, which will lead to greater complexity. 6. Pulse width modulation (PWM) switch controller application of the external current-sense complex. For short-circuit or load short circuit failure mode, the limit switch current is very important, there is no high-speed switch current limit capability, short-circuit the battery charger will be damaged.
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