Cysticercosis and its medical significance to man's health

Cysticercosis and its medical significance to man's health

Taenia Solium

The adult form of T.Solium causes taeniasis solium. T.solium larvae cause cysticercosis. Teniasis and cysticercosis occur worldwide but is endemic in areas of Asia, south America and eastern Europe. T.solium can be identified by its scolex with 4 suckers and circle of hooks and by its gravid proglottids, which have 7-12 primary uterine branches. Larva of T.solium called cysticercus. A cysticercus consists of a pea-sized fluid-filled bladder with an invaginated scolex.Humans are infected by eating raw or undercooked pork containing the larvae (fecal-oral way of transmission). In the small intestine, the larvae attach to the gut wall and take about 3 months to grow into adult worms measuring up to 5m. The gravid terminal proglottids detach daily, are passed in the feces and are accidentally eaten by pigs. A 6 hooked embryo (oncosphere) emerges from each egg in the pig's intestine. The embryos burrow into a blood vessel and are carried to skeletal muscle. They develop into cysticerci in the muscle, where they remain until eaten by a human. Humans are the definitive hosts, and pigs are the intermediate hosts.A different and far more dangerous sequence occurs when a person ingests the eggs in food or water that has been fecally contaminated or ingestion of T.solium eggs after vomiting (in patient with taeniasis). The cysticerci can become large in eye, subcutaneous tissue, brain, lung, heart, and muscle. In the brain, they manifest as a space-occupying lesion. Living cysticerci do not cause inflammation, but when they die, they can release substances that provoke an inflammatory response.Clinical manifestation of teaniasis solium include: abdominal pain, nausea, diarrhea, weight loss, infection may be asymptomatic. The clinical manifestation of cysticercosis in the brain include headache, meningoencephalitis, vomiting, and seizures; in the eyes: uveitis, retinitis. Antiparasitic drugs and powerful anti-inflammatory drugs (steroids) are used for the treatment of cysticercosis. Sometimes, surgery is needed to remove the affected parts. Mebendazole is practically used for the treatment of Teaniasis solium.Diagnosis of teaniasis solium is based on the determination of gravid proglottids (with 7-12 uterine branches) may be found in the stools. Diagnosis of cysticercosis depends on demonstrating the presence of the larvae of T.solium in tissue by X-ray, or computed tomography scan.Prevention of taeniasis involves cooking pork adequately and preventing pigs from ingesting human feces by disposing of waste properly. Prevention of cysticercosis of treatment of patients to prevent auto-infection plus observation of proper hygiene, including hand washing, to prevent contamination of food with the eggs.I am Funom Theophilus Makama. I advertise through writing. As a platinum expert Author, I write lots of articles and hence promote interested websites, companies, groups, organizations, and communities through publishing and distributing my articles. For more information on this interesting venture, click on the link belowhttp://funom-makama.blogspot.com/2010/07/advertising-contracts.html

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