For example, in the EU context Art. 28 of the Data Protection Directive (Directive 95/46/EC) requires Member States to set up an authority responsible for monitoring the application of provisions adopted as a result of that Directive. The Article further outlines that such an authority shall be entrusted with: investigative powers, powers of intervention, powers to engage in legal proceedings, judiciary powers concerning the protection of rights and freedoms of individuals with regards to processing of personal data and lawfulness of data processing. The authority also has an obligation to issue reports on its activities.