GPS traking and moible phone locating explained

GPS traking and moible phone locating explained

With the constant development of the traffic, the network of roads become intricate and the positioning technology emerges. Except for the traditional compass and map, there are something highly advanced like GPS tracker and mobile phone locating. However, the two things work differently. And they come with different positioning accuracy and reaction time.

The mobile phone locating service is also called the LBS Location Based Service. It obtains the location information (latitude and longtitude coordinates) of the mobile terminal users through the network of mobile telecommunication operators such as GSM and CDMA.

Backed by the electronic map platform, the value-added service is provided for the users. For exampke, China Mobile M-zone offers the users location inquiry service.

What's the substantial working principle? The mobile will gain different TOA (Time of Arrival) by measuring the downlink pilot signal of different base stations. By employing the formulae of trigonometry, it can generally work out the location of the mobile based on the measuring result and coordinates of base station.

As to the actual estimation algorithm, the locaing information of more than three stations should be considered. Therefor, the algorithm is much more complicated. Generally speaking, the more the stations are meausred, the higher the accuracy is. And the locating capability will be highly improved.

At present, the mobile locating is only limited to the positioning service. It can provide the users the information about the surrounded market and restaurant through the electronic map service. But it can't provide navigation service.

GPS-Global Positioning System consistes of three sections: space GPS satellite constellation, ground monitoring system and GPS reciever. What's the basic principle of the GPS positioning? The satellite will send the ephemeris parameter and time message constanly.

After receiving the signal, the GPS receiver will work out the location of receiver based on the formulae of trigonometry. 2D positioning can be achieved with three satellites. The 3D positioning can be achieved with four satellites. The moving directions and speed can be calculated based on the updated information from the receiver.

There are 24 GPS navigation satellites spreaded on six orbits. There are four satellites at least or eleven satellites at most above the horizon anytime at all. Thus, the GPS tracking is finely guaranted. The GPS reciever is functioned to capture and deal with the satellite signal. The real time 3D position and speed can be calculated.

The moible positiong is greatly influenced by environmental factor as it's based on the existed mobile communication base station. In the suburbs and country areas, the positioning rang is about 10 to 20 meters. As there are many tall buildings in cities, the signal is hard to be transmitted. The range will be 100 to 200 meters. The positioning recation time is about 3-6s.

The tracking is out of the question in the area where no mobile signal can be received. However, as the GPS receiver is covered by at least four satellites anytime, the signal is ensured. As the satellites occupy a commanding position, the accuracy is ranged from a few meters to many meters.

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