How Brushless Motors Work And Why We Need Them

Motors are the basis of most electronic machines these days

. One of the most commonly used motors is the DC engine,which offer high speeds and torque for the machines. It does so by taking the electrical energy from the mains and converting it into mechanical energy. This, in turn, is used for position maintenance and motion control.

The working of the DC motor is based on a strong magnetic field created by an electromagnet. It synchronizes this magnet with the armature wound and offers speed and power to control systems or maintain a position. This motor has two variations, namely brushed and brushless. This article will delve further into the working of the latter. First, lets learn about the challenges posed by brushed motors, which have been overcome by brushless ones.

Challenges of Brushed Motors

The main problem of these motors is that the brushes usually wear out with time. Since these brushes are constantly making and breaking connections, there is a possibility of sparks and, as a result, short circuits. These may harm the machines. Brushed custom motors are known to limit the speed and not allow the machine to reach its maximum potential. They also limit the number of poles on the armature. Lastly, with the electromagnet in the center, they maymake it difficult to cool the motor quickly.

Working of Brushless Motors

Brushless DC motors (BLDC motors) areessentially brushed motors turned inside out, without the brushes. All you need are permanent magnets on the rotors and electric ones on the stators. Then you can easily connect the motor with a computer using high-powered transistors.

Benefits of BLDC

Since there are no brushes and they work with computer controls, BLDC motors are more accurate. This has earned them the nickname of precision motors. They can adapt to various speeds with the same amount of efficiency. The absence of brushes also means no sparks and no stoppage due to wearing out of brushes. As a result, the motors work longer and faster. Also, since the magnet is placed outside, cooling them naturally or with automated fans is easy.

From electrical vehicles in transport to domestic and commercial HVAC systems, from industrial engineering needs to motion control spaces, these motors are ubiquitous in manufacturing units across the world.

by: Sylvia Grant

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