Important Points In The History Of Georgia

Important Points In The History Of Georgia

Georgia, not to be confused with one of the American States, Georgia, is a neighbouring country of Russia, Turkey, Armenia and Azerbaijan. It is a sovereign state and is located in Europe on the coast of the Black Sea. Georgia has a population of more than 4.6 million and an area of 69,700 km2. Georgia follows a representative democratic system of government and is a member of various organizations including the United Nations, the Council of Europe, World Trade Organization and the Asian Development Bank.

It was one of the first countries to adopt Christianity and reached the peak of its political and economic power during the era of King David and Queen Tamar.

However, in the beginning of the 19th century, Georgia was annexed by the Russian Empire and subsequently by the Soviet Red Army in 1921. It broke away from the U.S.S.R after its disintegration in 1991, proclaiming independence on 6 April, 1991.

It has two independent regions, Abkhazia and South Ossetia which it sees as occupied by Russia.

However, in 1994, Georgia signed a treaty with the Russian Federation that authorized the Federation to keep three military bases in the country and to train as well as to equip the Georgian Army.

In 1998, the UK and the USA began an operation to remove all soviet era remains of fissile material in the country.

In 2002, the US trained Georgia's military in antiterrorism measures to try and quell the rebels fighting in the country. There were tensions between Georgia and Russia over the lawless region of Pankisi Gorge which, Russia said had become a haven for Islamic militants.

In August 2008, a fight broke out between Georgia and its two breakaway regions, South Ossetia and Abkhazia. The Russian Federation sent hundreds of troops to support the rebel regions and even launched airstrikes in support. However, many observers claimed that it was an attempt by the Russian Federation to grab Georgia's export routes for oil and gas. At the end of the same month, a cease-fire agreement was signed between Georgia and Russia after which the Russian President officially recognized the breakaway regions of South Ossetia and Abkhazia as independent regions while severing diplomatic ties with Georgia. Both sides blamed each other for the war.

Russian troops remain stationed in Abkhazia and South Ossetia under bilateral agreements with their respective governments.

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