Industrial Cooling Towers For Use In Manufacturing And Industry

Industrial Cooling Towers are extremely crucial equipment for many industries where cooling forms an important part of the industrial process

. Many a times, cooling in an industrial process is required so that the required product can be manufactured or that ambient temperature can be maintained during the production. Therefore, it has become essential that industrial concerns install cooling towers rather than bearing a loss in the form of damaged production or unsatisfactory operation.

The primary function of cooling towers is the absorption of heat from the hot processes such as hot machinery and other hot equipment. These cooling towers then transfer the absorbed heat to the atmosphere by essentially rejecting them, using water as the coolant material. This principle is fundamentally known as the principle of evaporative cooling, wherein part of the water is brought into contact with air that results in cooling.

To understand how cooling towers became popular, one needs to journey back to the beginning of the industrial revolution. At that time various giant industries needed a method to remove heat successfully from the cooling process. This resulted in the invention of cooling towers. Today, they are being utilized in a variety of industries the world over. A variety of large scale industries such as petrochemicals, chemical plants, natural gas plants, power plants, nuclear establishments, and others utilize industrial cooling towers. Some of these industrial cooling towers are massive, requiring about 70,000 80,000 cubic meters of water per hour.

A cooling tower dissipates heat into the atmosphere, where its spreads over a large area. Therefore, a cooling tower must be designed accurately and systematically to prevent any ecological or environmental damage. Smaller cooling towers are required for air conditioning office buildings, hotels, commercial establishments, and many other such concerns.

Depending upon the type of design used in the industrial cooling towers, they can be classified as natural draft or mechanical draft cooling towers. Natural draft cooling towers utilize the inherent tendency of warm air to rise to provide a cooling effect. Mechanical draft cooling towers are categorized into induced draft and forced draft cooling towers. Furthermore, induced draft cooling towers draw air through the cooling tower by placing a motor and fan assembly at the air exit point of the cooling tower to draw air through the cooling tower. Conversely, a forced draft cooling tower utilizes a fan and motor assembly at the point of air intake in the cooling tower to push air through the tower.

Furthermore, depending upon how the mechanism directs air towards the water flow, there are two types of industrial cooling towers. The first type of cooling tower is the counterflow cooling tower, in which the air flows upward through the fills, while the water flows downward the fill. A crossflow cooling tower is a type of cooling tower in which the air flow is drawn perpendicular to the flow of the water. Also, industrial cooling towers can be of various shapes. Some of the shapes that are commonly used are box or bottle shaped cooling towers and even rectangular cooling towers. Earlier, it was common for cooling towers to be made of wood. However, recently, there are FRP cooling towers and RCC cooling towers also. These are some of the examples of industrial cooling towers.

With the ongoing rapid industrialization, this equipment has become essential part of the industrial process in the country. Many companies in India now manufacture industrial cooling towers, though only some manufacture them according to international and ISO standards.

by: John Tweak

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