Les Miserables Tickets : Les Miserables Is Known To Many Through Its Screen Adaptations

Les Miserables ,translated variously from the French as The Miserable Ones

, The Wretched, The Poor Ones, The Wretched Poor, or The Victims) , is an 1862 French novel by author Victor Hugo and is widely considered one of the greatest novels of the 19th century. It follows the lives and interactions of several French characters over a seventeen-year period in the early 19th century, starting in 1815 and culminating in the 1832 June Rebellion.

The novel focuses on the struggles of ex-convict Jean Valjean and his experience of redemption. It examines the nature of law and grace, and expounds upon the history of France, architecture of Paris, politics, moral philosophy, justice, religion, and the types and nature of romantic and familial love. The story is historical fiction because it contains factual and historic events.

Les Miserables is known to many through its numerous stage and screen adaptations, most notably the stage musical of the same name, sometimes abbreviated "Les Mis"

Les Miserables contains many plots, but the main thread is the story of ex-convict, Jean Valjean (known by his prison number, 24601), who becomes a force for good in the world, but cannot escape his dark past. The novel is divided into five volumes, each volume divided into books, and subdivided into chapters (for a total of 365 chapters). Each chapter is relatively short, usually no longer than a few pages.

Nevertheless, the novel as a whole is quite lengthy by modern standards, exceeding 1,400 pages in unabridged editions (1,900 pages in French). It also contains what is considered the longest sentence in a published novel.

Within the borders of the novel's story, Hugo fills many pages with his thoughts on religion, politics, and society, including three lengthy digressions, one being a discussion on enclosed religious orders, another being on argot, and most famously, his retelling of the Battle of Waterloo.

The first two volumes of Les Miserables were published on April 3, 1862, heralded by a massive advertising campaign; the remainder of the novel appeared on 15 May 1862. At the time, Victor Hugo enjoyed a reputation as one of France's foremost poets, and the appearance of the novel was a highly anticipated event.

Critical reactions were wide-ranging and often negative; some critics found the subject matter immoral, others complained of its excessive sentimentality, and still others were disquieted by its apparent sympathy with the revolutionaries.

The Goncourt brothers expressed their great dissatisfaction, judging the novel artificial and disappointing. Flaubert could find within it "neither truth nor greatness."French critic Charles Baudelaire reviewed the work glowingly in newspapers,but in private castigated it as "tasteless and inept."

The book was a great commercial success. The shortest correspondence in history is between Hugo and his publisher Hurst & Blackett in 1862. It is said Hugo was on vacation when Les Miserables (which is over 1200 pages) was published. He telegraphed the single-character message "?" to his publisher, who replied with a single "!".

First translated into foreign languages (including Italian, Greek, and Portuguese) the same year it originally appeared, it proved popular not only in France, but across Europe. It has been a popular book ever since it was published, and was a great favourite among the Confederate soldiers of the American Civil War, who occasionally called themselves "Lee's Miserables" (a reference to their deteriorating conditions under General Robert E. Lee).

Its popularity continues to this day, and many view it as one of the most important novels ever written.

by: Amanda Harrison

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