Linear Magnification
Magnification is the process of enlarging something only in appearance
, not in physical size. This enlargement is quantified by a calculated number also called "magnification". When this number is less than one it refers to a reduction in size, sometimes called "minification" or "de-magnification".
Typically magnification is related to scaling up visuals or images to be able to see more detail, increasing resolution, using microscope, printing techniques, or digital processing. In all cases, the magnification of the image does not change the perspective of the image.
Definition
The size of the image formed by a lens depends on the size of the object as well as the position of the object from the lens. For example, the image formed by a convex lens can be smaller than the object, equal to the object or bigger than the object. Let we see about the linear magnification relation using problems.
Formula Linear Magnification:
Formula Linear Magnification:
Linear magnification produced by a lens is the ratio of the size of the image to the size of the object.
That is Linear magnification, m = h / h
Where h = size of the image
h = size of the object.
Another Formula:
In terms of image distance (v) and object distance (u), the linear magnification is equal to the ratio of the image distance to the object distance.
m = v / u
If m is positive, then the image is erect and when m is negative the image is inverted.
Example Problems Linear Magnification:
Example 1:
What will be the size of the image, when the image distance is 16.67cm and an object size of size 5 cm is kept at a distance of 25cm from the converging lens?
Solution:
Formula: Linear magnification m = (h/h) = v/u
Size of image, h = (v / u)*h
h' = (16.67 / (-25))*5 = -3.33cm
That is image is inverted, real and size 3.33cm.
Example 2:
What will be the size of the image, when the image distance is 15cm and an object size of size 5cm is kept at a distance of 60cm from the concave lens?
Solution:
Formula: Linear magnification m = (h/h) = v/u
Size of image, h = (v / u)*h
h' = (-15 / (-60))*5 = 1.25cm
The image is virtual, erect and the size of the image is 1.25cm.
Example 3:
Find the size of the image from relation of the linear magnification of lens, the size of the object is 1 cm is place at a distance of 15cm from a concave mirror and the image is formed at a distance 30cm on the side of the object.
Solution:
Given: v = -30cm
u = -15cm
h = -1cm
Formula: Linear magnification m = (h/h) = v/u
Size of image, h = (v / u)*h
h' = (-30 / (-15))*(-1) = -2cm
The negative sign indicate the image is inverted, real and size is 2cm.
by: nitinp
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