Object-oriented Databases

Object oriented databases (OODB) are built with object-oriented programming

. Much of the information manager use is stored in organization files and represents the results of the organization's transactions, such as sales invoices, payment to vendors, and payment to workers. However, a great deal of information managers use can not be stored in organization's database, such as images, drawings, videos, and other non text data. A new structure is needed to handle the needs of such applications as expert system, multimedia systems, computer aided software engineering (CASE), computer aided design (CAD), and many other engineering, design, and manufacturing systems. These applications produce information useful to the organization, but rather than being kept in the organization's database it is scattered among letters, reports, memoranda, magazine articles, engineering drawing, charts, graphs, or other "objects". The data in these objects differ fundamentally from the data in a typical transaction-oriented database system. In the latter, specific information is entered in a very. restricted manner and the manager typically wishes to summarize, total, or list selected data fro the records. In the former, the data are not transactions but instead include many complex data types, such as drawings, charts, multimedia documents, and other documents, object-oriented database technology appears best suited to manage the latter data types.

Each object in the database is bound together with it's own data and a set of instructions that describes the behavior and attributes of the object. Objects use messages to interact with each other; In an object-oriented database, every object is described by a set of attributes. For example, the object building in a database of architectural drawings may have the attributes type, size, and color, just as in any other database. Every object must also have a set of methods, or routines and procedures. For example, methods stored with an architectural drawing of a maintenance building might include instructions to display, rotate, shrink, or explode the drawings on a screen.

Objects that have the same set of attributes and methods are grouped into a class.

Furthermore, the attributes and behaviors of one object can be inherited by other objects in the same class. This speeds application development time by reducing the amount of programming cede needed.

Because object-oriented technology is substantially different from other database technology, it requires a considerable learning curve for practitioners. Although a number of commercial object-oriented databases are now available, some industry observers feel that many of the companies that have created these products will be swallowed up in the near future by older, more mature database management system vendors who will use the object-oriented database system as extensions to their own database management software.

by: Rashid Javed

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