Restorative Gum Surgery - Three Approaches That Can Save A Weak Tooth

The fibrous tissue that immediately surrounds the teeth is colloquially known as your gums

. Each root is anchored to its socket by fibers called periodontal ligaments. Your gum tissue acts like a frame and provides form and shape to the top of your teeth.

When bacteria builds up and invades the gum pockets between the teeth, some bleeding, redness or swellings occurs. There are many factors that can contribute to gum diseases but plaque due to poor hygiene is a primary cause.

Treatment options for gum disease depend on the stage of disease or whether you have responded well to previous therapies. Depending on the severity of gum disease, the dentist or periodontist may suggest either non surgical treatment or a surgical periodontal procedure. There are several surgical methods in treating periodontal diseases; among them soft tissue grafts, which can also improve your gum line appearance.

In soft tissue grafting, the grafted tissue, which is often obtained from the palate of the mouth, is sutured in place, supplementing tissue of the gum area which is affected. Following this are the three types of soft tissue grafts.

The free gingival graft is a simple, predictable cosmetic gum surgery technique for increasing the zone of attached gums. In this procedure, a narrow piece of flesh is taken from the palate and the tissue is sutured to the gum tissue on the area under treatment. This procedure is often used to increase the thickness of very thin gum tissue.

The most common method of soft tissue grafting, called connective tissue grafts, use firmer gums which will protect the fragile areas of the teeth. In this surgical procedure, a tissue flap is detached from below the palate's outer layer. This grafting procedure make use of the sub-epithelial connective tissue as a donor source for root coverage with the advantage of double-blood supply from the underlying connective tissue base and the overlying flap of the treated area. This type of graft is frequently used for treating exposed roots.

Pedicle graft procedure is not as often performed as connective tissue graft method because it requires an abundant amount of thick, tough, "attached gingiva" beside the area being treated, which is not always the case in patients. Gum tissue is raised from the area immediately lateral to the receding gum area. With one end still attached, the flap commonly called pedicle is partially cut and slipped sideways to form a cover for the exposed root and then sutured into place. The constraint of this procedure is that there has to be ample tissue sideways to the site of interest. Further, it can put the donor area in danger of gum recession as well.

by: Angela Patel

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