Solar Water Heater
The solar water heaters which are also referred to as solar hot water systems are
a cost effective method used to produce hot water for home use and other purposes. The system could be utilized in any weather because the fuel it uses is renewable and free.
A common solar water heater usually consists of solar panels with coils or tubes that are filled with water. The tubes get heated as the sunlight heats the panels, making the water within the tube gets also heated.
Solar water heater comes in two system; the passive and active system. In passive system, a thermo called siphoning is used while in passive, it uses a pump to make the heated water circulate in the system.
How is Water Heated through Solar Heating?
The solar hot water system devices can be accessed in two ways, the passive or active. The solar panel which is installed on the roof or wall that faces the sun, will heat up the water then it will be circulated by means of active solar water or be driven by means of convection through passive system.
The collectors are created of insulated box that has black cover and painted black, a flat solar metal absorber connected to metal tubes or copper pipes which are enclosed within a near vacuum cylinder that is made up of glass.
Heat is then stored within an insulated water storage container that has an outlet or opening and inlet attached to the collector. Passive or active solar water heater for households has a secondary source of energy, either a gas or electric, which will be activated during sunless days to assure a continuous hot water supply when the water from the tank drops to a certain temperature, often 55 degree Celsius.
Passive Solar Water Heating System - Batch heaters which are also called Integrated Collector Storage devices comprise of slim rectilinear tanks usually made of glass and are set on walls or roof facing the sun. Water tanks are used as the collectors and storage for hot water. The delivery of water is dependent on the gravity flow. The use of batch heaters is very ideal for warm climates and is highly effective and requires no effort.
Active Solar Water Heating Devices - A pump is used in active solar water heating system to circulate the water or transfer the heated fluid between the cistern and collector. There are two types of active solar water heater, the direct and indirect non-passive appliances. In direct non-passive, water is delivered first to the systems collector then to the tank that contains water while the indirect non-passive distribute the heated fluid by means of a thermal exchanger and solar thermal collector. The heat produces is then delivered to the water tank. The CHS or Convection Heat Storage can be evacuated pipe collectors or plate type. The CHS devices use convection process in delivering water from the system collector to the boiler.
The water in direct passive solar water heating system draws water out from the residential water source and circulates it between the storage container and the collector. When the water is heated, it will then triggered by the convection to climb then flow into the storage tank. This type of solar water device is not ideal for cold weather since the water within the solar thermal collector can turn into ice and harm the system paneling.
The devices for indirect non-active solar water heater utilize non-freezing and non-toxic heat transfer fluid to the collector. When the water is heated, it will be allowed by the convection to flow into the storage tank to where the heat is carried by the non-active heat exchanger to the tank where water is stored.
The upkeep of the devices for non-active solar hot water are low and requires minimal effort, while the non-passive appliance are a lot more useful for heating and maintaining hot water. The devices for non-passive hot water are more costly and repair can be more complicated.
Advantage of Solar Hot Water
Because water heating is among the largest contributors to green house emissions from household, finding an alternative way to produce hot water for home use is essential. Solar hot water does not only supply hot water efficiently to your home, it is also eco friendly because the source of energy is renewable.
by: Michelle Young
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