The Greener Tomorrow Of Coal Industry

With the rise in energy demand has come a growing need for coal

, still the prevailing source of energy for power plants around the world. But today, the coal power industry faces new pressures, not only with production, but with its carbon footprint right along the line.Today, the scrutiny goes all the way back to the initial process of getting the coal out of the ground. Methane (CH4) is given off when organic matter decays, and so coal mines (also landfill sites) are a rich source of the gas. The quantity of gas released from mines increases mainly with coal carbon content and coal depth.Particularly as the deeper coal deposits were formed, high temperatures and pressures forced methane into micropores within the coal. Huge amounts can be adsorbed, with just a gram of coal estimated to have a surface area of up to 250m2 or more.While coal is being mined, the methane escapes and mine ventilation systems have to drain it to prevent explosions. The low concentrations have made this coal mine methane (CMM) difficult to recover from working mines, but that is now changing.The richest sources, though, are mines before they are worked (coal bed methane, CBM) and after they are closed (abandoned mine methane, AMM). Coal mining operations normally cause subsidence and fractures in the layers around the worked seams. Old workings therefore become large gas reservoirs and will gradually release the gas to the atmosphere.CH4 has around 20 times the global warming potential of CO2 and, in 2010, worldwide coal mine methane emissions are expected to total 400 million tonnes of CO2 equivalent and rising. Besides adding to global climate change, simply allowing methane to vent to the air wastes a valuable resource.Recovering and using the gas is profitable. Recovered methane can fuel vehicles, boilers and district heating systems, dry coal, generate electricity or be injected into natural gas pipelines (methane is the largest constituent of natural gas). It also has industrial uses, for example being a feedstock for producing carbon black, dimethyl ether (DME) and methanol.Global coal mine methane emissions actually declined between 1990 and 2000 because many deep coal mines closed. This happened in China, the largest methane-emitting country, in the second half of the decade. It happened in Former Soviet Union countries, which also saw restructuring of the energy industries. It happened in the US, where there was increased methane recovery as well as a move to surface mining, which releases much less methane. It also happened in Europe, with further methane reductions aided by EU waste disposal directives.Emissions are on the rise again now, though, particularly in the developing world as a result of industrialisation and fast-expanding populations and economies. Wherever coal production is planned to increase, methane emissions will also rise unless the gas is recovered.It is much easier to prevent non-CO2 greenhouse gases emissions than CO2 emissions themselves, and the US in particular has focused its attention on methane. The Methane to Markets Partnership was launched at the end of 2004 in Washington DC, the US, with 14 national governments signing on as partners. From the US, too, the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) encourages recovery internationally with its voluntary Coalbed Methane Outreach Program (CMOP).The EPA indicates three major abatement systems: degasification, enhanced degasification and oxidation of VAM.As the professional manufacturer of complete sets of mining machinery, such as Cement production line,Single toggle jaw crusher,Impact breaker, Henan Hongxing is always doing the best in products and service.China magnetic separator:http://www.hxjqchina.com/product-list_66.html Cement plant:http://www.hx-china.com/37.html

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