Tube-type Multi-effect Distilled Water Machine Development And Application Of (a) - Distilled Water

I. Overview China Pharmacopoeia On "water for injection" and the quality requirements

, and extraction, storage, provides as follows:

Water for injection - for the purification of water by distilled water, should be consistent with bacterial endotoxin test requirements. Water for injection must be designed to prevent endotoxin produced under the conditions of production, storage and sub categories. Its quality should meet two requirements under the water for injection.

To ensure the quality of water for injection must be ready Monitor Distilled water for injection prepared by the various production processes, regular cleaning and disinfection of water for injection manufacturing and transportation equipment, prevent endotoxin produced. Should generally be above 80 Insulation, 65 4 heat cycle or be stored under sterile conditions and used within 12 hours of preparation.

Pharmacopoeia and in accordance with our 2000 " Drugs Manufacturing practices "(ie GMP) requirements of distilled water for injection (ie, non-pyrogenic distilled water) is a multi-effect Distilled water machine Production.

Long time, the production of distilled water technology and equipment development process is relatively slow, and abroad in 50 years ago, China was still in the early 80s re-use of LS-type single-effect distillation plant. The device targets high energy consumption, for every ton of distilled water, steam consumption required about 1.1 tons of standard coal equivalent to more than 150kg; consumption of more than 12 tons of condensate. Serious waste of resources. And because of its production process and demister, backward technology, produced by the distilled water is not high quality.

60 years later, foreign developed pressure steam distilled water unit, because of her obvious energy-saving Water Advantages, so use more foreign countries. However, the power consumption of this unit great, noisy, operation maintenance is not very convenient. Into the 70's, foreign multi-effect distilled water, then developed unit, the device technology, advanced technology, simple, reliable, no noise, very close customers. Our country in the 80's, even 90 years, a considerable part of the manufacturers, especially the hospital still in effect re-use of single-LS Distillation equipment Such equipment and more advanced equipment from abroad, either from energy or quality, backward difference is obvious that we in Finland FINN-AQUA500-H-4 type machine as an example to make a comparison:

Finland FINN-AQUA As equivalent yield of 1000kg / h, the energy consumption comparison:

Thus, the development and application of new technologies become a necessity.

70 years abroad in the multi-effect distilled water machine for the development of a peak, Finland, Italy, Germany, Sweden, the United States has successfully developed and introduced multi-effect distilled water machines with their own characteristics, the early 80s, door open, the manufacturer of these countries have come to hold talks on China's multi-effect distilled water machine technology recommendation. As a result, our nation has repeatedly been introduced in various forms, a variety of multi-effect distilled water machine, which have some impact on China were: Finland FINN-AQUA, Italy STILMAS company (see bottom left) and OLSA, Germany's PHARMA-PLAN companies and SUDEM company (see picture on the right), Sweden HAFER companies and KEMITERM companies, brands such as the United States BARNSTED machine.

1982 Huaihai Pharmaceutical Factory, Shanghai contraceptives in the United Nations reconstruction projects, the introduction of a Taiwan and Finland FINN-AQUA500-H-4 type distilled water machine, in this point, the Shanghai Pharmaceutical Machinery Second factory in support of organizational superiors, only of a few months time, made the expanse of the country's first multi-effect distilled water machines. Beginning of our multi-effect distilled water machine of history. So far, nearly 20 years old. Domestic manufacturers and the number of varieties from a certain development.

2, multi-effect distilled water machine water flow system:

Three multi-effect distilled water machine composed of the main structure (See right)

The main components of distilled water machine are: distillation tower, Condenser , High pressure pumps, electrical controls and related components Pipeline , Valve , Measurement display Apparatus Meter With rack, electric control box and other components.

(A) of the distillation tower is an important part of the host: (see distillation tower structure diagram)

1, the internal structure of sub-distillation heating chamber, evaporator, separator and so on, are installed in a distillation tower. Heating, evaporation, in addition to the original number of hot foam separation process completed in a body cavity. This is all tubular distilled water machine have almost every country so the only pressure steam water distiller to separate demister separator.

Distillation tower chart 2, multi-effect distilled water machine from evaporating principle of the analysis, a falling film evaporator and the evaporation of boiling points, mainly cloth liquid feed water into the tube after the direction is from the top into the evaporation chamber into a membranous along shed wall, that type falling film evaporator;

Falling film evaporator is in the form of solid to liquid to liquid flows through the heating surface of a surface evaporation. Different from normal evaporation, falling film evaporation process, there is no dramatic material boiling liquid. Heat transfer in falling film evaporation process, the heat flux along the film thickness remained constant, the heat from the heating surface through the film until the free surface only in the form of latent heat release, evaporation generally occurs in the film surface is gas pipe liquid two-phase forced convective heat. Falling Film Evaporation Heat Transfer in early 30's began. Since the mid-50s, began the study of enhanced heat transfer to the 60's, enhanced heat transfer research and development rapid development of the 70's are falling film evaporation heat transfer of the most concentrated period, and gradually form an enhanced heat transfer topics tube falling film multi-effect distilled water machine is the product of this theory.

Boiling feed water is evaporated by heating, after boiling to produce secondary steam separation, also known as l membrane.

Falling film is represented by the Finnish FINN-AQUA. Followed by Germany SUDMO machine.

L membrane is represented: the United States Barnstead (see right)

3, then separated from the heat of the original structure (ie vapor-liquid separation structure) Analysis:

In the evaporation process, vapor-liquid two-phase campaign to reach each other, will drop into the gas phase. On the multi-effect distilled water machine, the resulting effect on a secondary steam as the heating source of the next effect, if not effective vapor liquid separation, the temperature difference will cause a certain loss and thermal efficiency of the whole machine, as water temperature and large different vapor temperature; the same time, vapor-liquid two-phase separation results also speak directly affect the quality of distilled water. Because of the existence of soluble salts in water containing colloidal silica particles and other inorganic elements, and the death of bacteria and microbial decomposition of organic matter produced in trace quantities, in particular the heating substances (pyrogens) (Pyogen) have thermal stability at 250 x30 points

by: gaga

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