Vortex Tube: A Revolution In The Industrial Sector

Since its accidental invention eight decades ago

, the vortex tube has offered phenomenal yet cheap advancements in the industrial sector. This cylindrical tool is capable of streaming out hot and cold gasses to opposite directions, which makes it useful application for industrial spot cooling, such as for rooms, mold tools, machine operations, and even people.

The birth of Vortex Tube

It was in 1928 when George Ranque, a French physicist, discovered this tool by accident. Ranque was testing a whirlpool-type pump he was developing when he observed that hot and cold air were exhausted from opposing ends of the tool. He then decided to venture in manufacturing the device but failed. It was only in 1945, when another physicist from Germany, Rudolph Hilsch, published a scientific paper about the apparatus. His work was widely-read and the tool soon gained popularity in the field of industrial applications. In relation to this, James Clerk Maxwell assumed the possibility of the creation of a tool that can simultaneously produce hot and cold gasses. Throughout the years, the vortex tube was developed to separate gas compounds such as oxygen and nitrogen and helium and carbon dioxide. Moreover, in 1988, the tool was also found out to be applicable in liquid materials.

The Science Behind the Whirlpool Effect

Though vortex tubes are known to be useful in various industrial applications, the tool is very simple and works in a simple process as well. This mechanical device is a cylindrical-shaped apparatus with no moving parts, making it maintenance-free. When pressurized gas is pushed into the device at the rate of 1,000,000 revolutions per minute (rpm), the gas spins into the long tube creating a vortex or whirlwind motion. The outer parcel of the gas exits through a small valve at the end in high temperature, while the remaining inner air is pushed back at a slower speed and comes out in a lower temperature.

The temperatures of the gasses coming out of the vortex tubes can be adjusted with a control valve attached to the hot gas exhaust. Temperature can be as low as -50 Fahrenheit (-46 Celsius) at the cold end and as high as 260F (127 C) at the hot end. This device uses compressed gas as its source of power and does not need electricity or any extra devices.

The vortex tube has been the options for many commercial applications needing spot cooling equipment as it is cheaper than conventional air-conditioning machines.

by: FrankSwing

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