Academicos Do Salgueiro Samba School: History Of Tradition
On this article, we will review the history of one of Brazils most traditional samba-schools in Rio de Janeiro: Acadmicos do Salgueiro
. The "red and white" samba-school is the 3rd greatest overall winner of the Brazilian Carnival in terms of championship titles, and has produced over the last 50 years of existence beautiful and enchanting carnival parades. In this article we will take a look at its traditional origins, historic founders, and understand how the school became national samba institution. The samba school famed by its hot Carnival Queens won 2009 Rio Carnival contest and is always a serious contender for Carnival prizes. Lets start taking a look at their history.
GRES Acadmicos do Salgueiro Samba School had its origin on the Salgueiro community in Rio, Brazil. The community back then had more than ten street carnival bands at times. All of them use to come down from the slums to parade at Saenz Pena public square .
At Salgueiro slums, on the 1930's Dona Alice Maria de Lourdes do Nascimento, known as Dona Alice da Tendinha, organized a jury body to award a prize to the best street bands that paraded on that community. After the parades, upon the union of all the carnival street bands, three samba schools were born: Unidos do Salgueiro with the colors blue and pink, the "Azul e Branco" and the "Depois Eu Digo samba-school".
The Unidos do Salgueiro Samba-School was composed of the union of the two main groups of Salgueiro community: "Capricho do Salgueiro" and "Terreiro Grande". Uniting talented composers, the "Depois Eu Digo" street carnival band became a full samba school in 1934 and had amongst its component famous names in the samba world. The "Azul e Branco" samba-school had one of the largest Baiana wings of town.
In these three samba-schools, new composers started to be revealed: musical talents such as Geraldo Babo, Guar, Iracy Serra and Noel Rosa de Oliveira amongst others. These men made the local musical scenery richer and contributed with the emergence of Salgueiro as a samba institution. It was through their songs that Salgueiro became a respected samba-school in the Brazilian Carnaval.
Albeit the quality of their composers, Salgueiro Samba-School still didn't manage to threaten the reign of the largest schools at the time - Mangueira, Portela and Imprio Serrano. In the early 1950s it was no different and the best samba school of the Salgueiro community achieved only the sixth place at the parade. After this result, many samba personalities started to question this division of forces inside the slum. On a given Saturday, in 1953, samba composer Geraldo Babo went down the slum singing the union of the three schools from the Salgueiro slum.
Components and drum sections of all three schools joined together uniting their flag colors and dragged people to Saenz Pena public square. After a couple of meetings where the name and flag colors of the new school was decided, in march 15th of 1953, the components of "Depois Eu Digo" and "Azul e Branco samba-school" united to finally form the "Grmio Recreativo Escola de Samba Acadmicos do Salgueiro", with the colors red and white. The Unidos do Salgueiro samba school disappeared with time and their components joined the Acadmicos do Salgueiro.
Soon after its foundation, preparation for the first parade began. The theme chosen was "Uma Romaria Bahia", by carnaval producer Hildebrando Moura. On its debut year, Salgueiro managed to achieve an honorable third place, only behind of Imprio Serrano and Mangueira samba school. During the 50's the school achieved good results winning over the public and the school established amongst the great schools. Important figures of Salgueiro started to appear and stand out on carnaval scenery, such as Noel Rosa de Oliveira, Anescarzinho, Geraldo Babo, Djalma Sabi; and the baianas: Tia Nenm and Tia Maria Romana. The year of 1959 was marked by the beginning of the artists on the execution of carnaval themes: Dirceu Nery and Marie Louise created a great parade that amazed everyone, especially the juries. Finally in In 1960, Salgueiro achieved for the first time the championship, dividing the award with the other four schools. The theme was proposed by the same Fernando Pamplona, a Fine Arts Academy student, and was a tribute to Negros. The first title at the Brazilian Carnaval was celebrated by all of Salgueiro's community and there was no more doubt that a new aesthetic standard was created for Rio de Janeiro's samba schools.
The 1960's became a milestone for Salgueiro's history. It was during this period that the school achieved three championships, presented memorable themes and contributed definitively for changes on samba school parades. 1963's parade is a synthesis of this decade. In this year, the impact of the parade was irresistible and few times in history the chanting "winner" was so unanimous through the samba avenue. The result couldn't be different: Salgueiro was champion once again at the Brazilian Carnival.
A new victory was achieved in 1965 with the theme "Histria do Carnaval Carioca - Eneida", chosen by Fernando Pamplona for the parade that celebrated the fourth century of Rio de Janeiros Anniversary. This year, Fernando Pamplona had as his assistant a young dancer for municipal theatre: Joozinho Trinta. Salgueiro achieved a new victory, the third in its history.
After a few bad results on the following years, due to political and financial crisis, Salgueiro chose as theme for 1969 "Bahia de Todos os Santos". Differently of what everyone thought, Salgueiro produced a memorable parade and was once again was announced champion.
With Joozinho Trinta already as Brazilian Carnaval producer in 1974, Salgueiro was once again proclaimed champion with a theme which brought luxury to the Sambadrome: An unforgettable parade which made the public cheer in full delight, with the beauty of the school. In 1975, Salgueiro achieved its first consecutive time championship presenting zebras, camels and pyramids, never seen before in parades. This was the first time a special kind of visual effect was used at a carnaval in Rio. From 1976 onwards, another crisis took over the samba-school when Joozinho Trinta left the school.
During the 80's the school didn't have top results. In 1983, although they had a great theme, it was poorly executed and gave them the eighth place. The school seemed to be getting back on their feet by the end of the decade, when the school made a beautiful parade with the 88's, 89's and 90's parades, when they achieved the third place.
The nineties proved to bring back some of the glorious days of Salgueiro: In 1991, the school executed a great parade and achieved a very promising second place. This showed the school was back in the dispute for the best results. This expectation was confirmed in 1993, when the Salgueiro was once again confirmed the great champion of carnaval: A magical parade in which the outcome couldn't be different. It was the school's reunification with the golden years after 16 years of internal disputes and average parades. From that point on, the school presented very reasonable parades until 1996.
On the 2000s, Salgueiro had a couple of warm results achieving first a sixth place, followed by a seventh and in 2005 a fifth place. This was a very disturbing year for the school due to the death of their patrons Maninho and Miro Garcia, but the school stood united. However it was on the following year that the school would suffer their greatest fall: an eleventh place at the parade, the worst in Salgueiros history. In 2008 they turned the situation around and achieved a beautiful vice champion position, which excited the community. In 2009, Salgueiro once again achieved the greatest honor of the Brazilian Carnival: a historic championship after 17 years.
by: Andre Skowronski
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