Analysis Of Non-metallic Mineral Stone Surface Treatment And Conservation Techniques - Stone,

Stone materials common cleaning methods include mechanical cleaning

, chemical | cleaning method and so on. With the high-grade Stone The accuracy of the cleaning have become increasingly demanding, and human environmental awareness, laser cleaning technology as a new cleaning method being the recognition and development. Laser cleaning technology mainly to high-speed laser beam effectively remove the object surface to be cleaned attachments, it is saving time, effort, water, and security safe, reliable, wide application, easy to control. Especially for Stone carving , Stone, all kinds of corner stone surfaces such as fine structure, and the age-old stone artifacts and other high Stone Cleaning, laser cleaning technology is that many traditional cleaning process can not match. Therefore, we can say that laser cleaning is a big step forward in cleaning technology, promote the use of laser cleaning technology will make the stone even more powerful cleaning industry. From the surface; Third, dirt molecules will evaporate in an instant, gasification or decomposition. Laser cleaning technology is the use of laser pulses of vibration, thermal expansion and molecular particles of light decomposition or phase transition of three roles or their associated Cooperation Used to overcome the surface of dirt and material between the substrate binding force from the surface to achieve the goal of cleaning.

Be cleaned according to the matrix material and the optical properties of dirt, the laser cleaning mechanism can be divided into two categories: one is the use of substrate material and surface adhesion of dirt to a wavelength of laser energy absorption coefficient of the difference so that laser energy is fully absorbed by the dirt attached to thermal expansion or vaporization of volatile, and was formed by vaporization from the steam flow driven matrix material to achieve the goal of cleaning. The requirement is that the matrix material on laser energy absorption coefficient is smaller, so that the matrix material

Dirt and stone surface from the binding force as physical force and the weak chemical interactions. Weak chemical interactions including the formation of hydrogen bonds and charge transfer bond energy and other physical forces, including van der Waals force (including electrostatic, induction and dispersion) and the capillary force and so on. More difficult than other surface materials, stone cleaning is due to the existence of a large number of natural stone micro-pores, micro-pore capillary force not only dirt and a variety of bonding between stone has been enhanced, while its role to the package kind of hard to clean the external forces play a role.

Laser is a very good color and direction of light radiation. Combination focused laser beam through the mirror, the beam focused to a small area or region. Laser beam can produce at least three effects: first, in the solid surface of the mechanical resonance of the surface was cracked off or coagulation; Second, will the surface layer by the expansion of dirt Ke matrix material to overcome the adhesive force of the dirt particles but they are not to be injured, so the key to achieving safe and efficient cleaning is to choose the appropriate laser wavelength and to control moderate energy density. The other is the substrate material and surface fixtures on the laser beam's absorption coefficient not very different, or surface heating fixtures will produce toxic substances, etc. are usually used for cleaning frequency and high power pulsed laser shock was washed surface, so that part of the beam into sound waves, sound waves in shock after the return to the middle and lower hard surface, part of its return to the person with the laser-produced radio wave interference occurs, resulting in high-energy resonance wave, so that small changes in burst scale layer, resulting in crushing, easy to material from the substrate surface.

Dirt for cleaning stone surfaces are often combined use of these mechanisms. Normally be processed according to the situation of stone and dirt section of the laser beam pulse frequency (from 0.5 to 30 pulses per second) and amplitude (8 to 25ns), so that dirt material absorbing the light energy. Repeated laser frequency can impact the role of porous stone surfaces and loose dirt Ke gap stands, when the laser's impact is greater than the matrix strength on the adsorption of dirt particles, the dirt particles from the substrate to be cleaned purpose. When the laser photon energy is greater than (adhesion layer) dirt molecular bond energy, the laser photolysis, have to play the role of light peeling effect, such as KrF excimer laser photon energy 5eV, greater than the organic dirt O? O, H? H, O? H, C? C, C? H and N? H chemical bond such as bond energy, the laser can damage the part of the chemical bond, decomposition of organic matter, which can be cleaned of organic oil. When the laser beam energy density further increases, a number of inorganic dirt. As with K, Na salt and the light from the decomposition of organic dirt could be produced by inorganic expansion of laser heating to produce hot strip

by: gaga

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