Chemistry Popular Science: Chemical Elements Discovered Cn Used?
Recent media reports, February 19, 2010, the German Heavy Ion Research (GSI) announced
by the International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry, confirmed by the Centre of synthetic chemical element No. 112, now recovered from the official name "Copernicium", the corresponding element symbol "Cn".
Since then, the chemical periodic table in the addition of a new member, it may feel like for ordinary people seem to have little connection with our lives, not that discovered a new element Well, it is so grand it? The addition of a new chemical element in our daily life is to mean? In this connection, the reporter ask the Nanjing University of Chemical experts, look at their eyes what the new elements like.
Not found in nature new natural chemical elements Cn
Table of chemical elements that we began to learn from the junior high school, and still remember that special teacher to teach some students to recite the elements of these headache formulas, but now, unless it is specialized in chemical, most people should have has returned to the teacher instead. Just remember to go to school when we recite the table of chemical elements are only some of the most basic elements, such as sodium, potassium, magnesium, carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, etc., but behind a long period we do not know what use, in addition to using uranium in nuclear reactions (U) the familiar point, some other name will not even read. Now, elements of surprise, still later a long table, which give the number of additional burden on future generations ah.
But the Nanjing University of Chemical Chemical industry College Dr. Chen Fei told reporters that the chemical sector, for now, to find a new chemical element is already very difficult, if it can find and name a new chemical element, really is a sensational thing. Why find a new element so hard to do?
Chen Fei said that the table of chemical elements in 1789 human history from a "periodic table" (33 elements) started, until now, has gone through 100 years of history. With the discovery of more and more elements, the greater the difficulty the following researchers, we know the chemical composition of the Earth element is the initial particles of various substances, and naturally occurring substances on earth would so many of the identified have been discovered, go down even more difficult to find, so now scientists find new element approach has been not only from nature to find new material, but by synthetic methods, synthesis of new elements. The recently released this new chemical element "Cn" is a synthetic element.
Elements can be synthesized? Yes. Chen Fei said, in recent years from the discovery of new elements are mostly found through artificial means, and before some of the new chemical element is the German Heavy Ion Research Center found.
How synthetic elements are made Then, a synthetic element is how to make out?
Chen Fei said, say a recently discovered the new element "Cn", which is long by 120 meters away from the speed detector accelerating charged particles of zinc atoms and lead them to reach all parts of the target. Fusion of zinc and lead together to form a new element of nuclear. Is a zinc (Zn) atom and a lead (Pb) atoms into a new fusion of atoms, the atom is the new element. That is, using the nuclear reaction equation:
In the element table, each element is based on their order of the number of protons, such as behind the first element is hydrogen (H), because it is the nucleus there is only one proton, and so on , zinc (Zn) is the first element 30, that it is 30 protons in the nucleus, while the lead element (Pb) is the first 82 elements, that is, there are 82 protons, and this newly discovered element 112 is number elements, because zinc and lead to a nucleus of protons in the melt, so the birth of a new element, which is why this new element is the most important element, new element atomic mass of about 277 atomic mass of hydrogen times.
Because it is the largest number of protons inside. In the periodic table, the more elements of quality in front of more light. If after the discovery of new elements can, then certainly more than the weight of element 112.
Careful friend from certainly found a secret, since the artificial creation of new elements are added together to produce according to the number of protons, then it means that as long as the combined number of protons is 112, casually paired with the other two elements are can create the new elements?
Answered correctly. In fact, the scientists create the new element 112 is also used when the other elements did, they tried to use U (proton 92) and Ca (proton 20), Pu (proton 94) and Ar (proton 18), Th (proton 90) and Ti (proton 22), Cm (proton 96) and S (proton 16), but this success only inside U (proton 92) and Ca (proton 20), resulting in the Cn of the isotope (the number of protons same, different numbers of neutrons), while the rest are still keep on trying.
Two nuclei fusion and integration of the two substances What is the difference
Many people will think that this experiment have any trouble, not that the fusion of two small atoms together to do, we usually use fire to two things, the last two things were melting together in , afraid that the two small to see atoms? Chen Fei said the integration of the two nuclei together to melt the two substances together than the more complicated.
First with our current technology can not meet a single atom out of refining to do experiments, so small we do how to operate them, it is composed of two elements with the material to impact, and impact one atom to another go with an atomic force simply can not compare to melt. Melting together of two substances, the final still or dust dust, soil into the earth up to form new compounds, but the zoom to an atomic region, they are to maintain their separate identities.
The two atoms to be incorporated into a nucleus, the equivalent of one planet to another planet crash-house, which was how much energy, on a similar energy generated by nuclear reactions, so in doing this experiment on very dangerous. Because the impact of the process, there must be some material will be released, and we note that the nuclear reaction equation in the last generation, there are two things, one is Cn, the back also added a n, this is a what it ? Chen Fei, this is a neutron. We know that in a nucleus, in addition to protons, as well as neutrons, although the neutron is a neutral substance, without charge, but is released from the nucleus, or with great energy. This
Chemistry Popular Science: Chemical Elements Discovered Cn Used?
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