Concerns Rise Over High Emissions In Small Countries

Countries that are small geographically with high populations are well-known for their creative transportation

. Vietnam, for example, has more than 70 million inhabitants in just 127.5 square miles. The most popular modes of transportation there are two-wheeled motorized vehicles, such as mopeds and scooter bikes. While industrious due to space limitations, the vehicles emit large volumes of pollutant particles into the air.

Unlikely Sources of Pollution

The natural assumption is that a smaller vehicle with a smaller engine will produce smaller emissions than a regular automobile or even a large truck, making them more eco-friendly. The opposite is true, however, and Vietnam, like many other countries, finds itself in a polluted environment with few options for improvement.

Some energy businesses are working to reduce the long-term effects of these little machines by changing the way they burn energy and emit hazardous particles. Because these small vehicles run on a two-stroke engine, the energy is burned in a combustion chamber, and not broken down as much as a four-stroke engine. As a result, the leftover particles are dispersed directly into the air, leaving behind a foul odor and visible residue.

Changing Gears

Mopeds and scooter bikes are much easier to buy and less expensive to up-keep than larger vehicles with cleaner emissions. Environmentalists are hard-pressed to coax the two-stroke engine users to find other modes of transportation for many reasons. For starters, many small businesses have sprung up in the form of taxis and delivery services. In order to accommodate passengers, the two-wheel vehicles are fitted with side compartments. While this creates a booming revenue for the industrious taxi drivers and a more comfortable ride for the customers, the machines work twice as hard to produce the same amount of speed and energy. This results in doubled emissions, polluting the air twice as much as before.

Although Vietnamese officials have been warned by the World Health Organization (WHO) that air pollution promotes breathing problems and illness, their complaints are falling on deaf ears. Proponents of reducing the number of two-stroke vehicles permitted in the small country have been repeatedly denied their wishes. Instead, a new tactic is developing that promotes modifying the engines to burn a different mix of fuel.

Liquefied Petroleum Gas (LPG) is one of the fuels considered for this conversion project. Propane and butane gases can be mixed to make a fuel that burns with fewer emissions. This would result in less pollution, longer engine life and fewer health problems for the Vietnamese. Rather than replacing the actual vehicles, only the fuel tanks would need to be changed, making this a valid economical and ecological option.

by: Christine Harrell

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