Died of cancer from scratch and destroyed the shackles of self-development - Cancer - Pharmaceutical industries

Died of cancer from scratch and destroyed the shackles of self-development - Cancer - Pharmaceutical industries

Cancer is an ancient disease, as early as the works of thousands of years ago Hippocrates had written about cancer and treatment, Shang and Zhou dynasties in China also recorded on the tumor, since the birth of traditional medicine since the beginning and launched a struggle against cancer, but with little success. With the establishment of modern medicine to surgery, radiation therapy and anticancer drug therapy based on modern anti-cancer treatment and gradually reversed Cancer Non-treatment point of view today, Europe and the United States developed cancer cure rate of children has more than 70%, the overall cure rate of adult cancer has reached 50%. Not long ago, the United States three authorities and even predicted that by 2025, the nation's cancer death rate to a 50% reduction, cancer will no longer be fatal, as long as regular physical examination, early detection confirmed, through a systematic treatment of malignant tumors also humans will bow.

Modern tumor therapy has been over a hundred years of history, but 40 years ago in the 20th century, the most effective treatment only surgery and radiotherapy. In 1939, Ulrich breast cancer patients through the use of androgens to testosterone production of anti-tumor effect, marked the birth of anticancer drug treatment since 1941, Huggins for prostate cancer patients through the use of estrogen hormone therapy is the treatment flag maturity. In 1942, nitrogen mustard has been successfully used to treat lymphoma; 1945 Actinomycin D shows anti-cancer effects; in 1948, methotrexate on leukemia in the test results show the exact ... ... As of 1949, the current major classes of anticancer drugs such as hormones, alkylating agent, Antibiotic And anti-metabolic and so has been used clinically.

From scratch, self-reliance We turned to look at China, 1933, Union Hospital, oncology establishment marked the establishment of the modern anti-tumor medicine, but because of war, poverty and other reasons, the development of cancer medicine is almost at a standstill period, the anti-tumor medication independent R & D production is almost zero.

Until the 20th century, 50s, antitumor treatment was started in China, but rapid development in 1957, Chinese Academy of Sciences and other drugs by Professor Cai Runsheng isolated from soil a new antibiotic, named actinomycin K, tests showed that the ascites tumor for a certain effect, to become China's first independently developed antineoplastic agents only, followed by drugs expert support in the absence of foreign aid on actinomycin K was purified by Actinobacillus Streptomyces D, which is famous actinomycin. This was followed by mitomycin C (self-ADM), bleomycin (glory ADM A5) and other anti-tumor antibiotics listed.

In alkylating agent in the field, due to nitrogen mustard with a very serious blood toxicity, our scientists are trying to develop other safer agents, including mustard methoxy Fang, Nitrocaphane have developed. In metal Anti-cancer drugs Objects in the field, the 20th century 60's, developed in Western countries, while cisplatin, Chinese scholars also developed anti-cancer antimony, pharmacological data, this drug can stop cancer cells from mitosis. China excels Natural medicine The chemical field, China is also an early self-fruitful new drug development, first of all, Chinese Academy of Sciences of drug extracted from the Chinese Camptotheca hydroxycamptothecin, clinically proven, drug head and neck tumors, Hepatic carcinoma , Gastric cancer, bladder cancer, and so effective, HCPT has become 70 to 80 years of the 20th century commonly used anticancer drug in China. Since then, Chinese scholars in the genus Cephalotaxus have found three harringtonine and homoharringtonine base, the two drugs on the myeloid leukemia has the exact effect. To 60 to 80 years, China has independently developed dozens of anticancer drugs, although development is more backward thinking, research and development level of a big gap between the West, leading to drug efficacy and safety are obviously inadequate, but at the time, these drugs condition of cancer patients played a delaying effect, today, still mitomycin, Nitrocaphane, HCPT and HHT alkali products active in the anti-tumor drugs on the market.

Challenges, combined with creative imitation

With the advent of reform and opening up, anti-cancer drug research and development into the second, due to the lack of IPR protection at new drugs, so most of the enterprises to give up domestic investment in the self-development and instead began to imitate the recent listing of the new foreign anti-tumor drugs, at the same time, a large number of excellent foreign anti-tumor agents entered China, the level of the rapid increase of drug treatment, treatment efficiency, the average age of 50 from the 20th century, 20% to 40%.

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