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Electric Air Compressors- An Intro to Science Explanation

Electric Air Compressors- An Intro to Science Explanation


Air compressors are based on the energy in the air that's under pressure. They all perform the same basic function- converting electric power or gas into kinetic energy. What exactly does this mean? Electric energy is the flow of charge by atoms. Electric potential increases when positive and negative atomic bits are far away from each other. Positive and negative charges attract, so the farther away they are, the more energy it will take to bring them together. If there are two positive bits or two negative bits stuck together, there will also be a large amount of electric potential energy because they are repelled by each other. They will want to exert a large amount of energy in order to get away from each other. It is this movement and flow of charged particles that creates an electric current like the one you plug your hair dryer into.

The Law of Conservation of Energy states that energy never disappears, it is just transformed into another kind of energy. This is exactly what electric air compressors do. They take the electric energy from the power source and convert it into kinetic energy. Kinetic energy has to do with motion. Say you've eaten a light breakfast before going for a run; the food you ate gave you chemical potential energy, and when you start to run, it transforms into kinetic energy, because you're moving, and thermal energy, because your body is starting to heat up. In an air compressor, the kinetic energy is increased by compressing the air (surprise!). Then, the compressed air is released in quick bursts from the device.

Positive-displacement air compressors achieve this by putting the air into an area of small volume, which forces it to compress. Gases, as a state of matter, will change volume to fit whatever container they are put in. Particles in a gas, like air, prefer to be as far apart as possible, kind of like kids in the backseat on a long road trip. This is why when you spray perfume or cologne, in a few seconds you can smell it across the room. The particles have spread out to fill the entire room, and have gotten as far away from each other as they can. So, it's entirely possible to force a gas to have a smaller volume, but the gas particles won't necessarily be happy about it. If you make them go too close together, it enacts a phase change from gas to liquid, so we don't want to do that. Rotary screw compressors, one of the most common types, also use positive-displacement compression. They match two helical screws that force air into the chamber and reduce the volume as they are turned.


Non-positive-displacement air compressors use spinning impellers to accelerate and decelerate the air, pressurizing it through centrifugal force.

A great benefit of electric air compressors is the fact that they provide a central source of power for a plenitude of tools, instead of a bulky motor for each one. Additionally, this means there are fewer parts to worry about, and fewer parts that will wear out. Tools sans individual motors are lighter, more compact, and easier to handle.

Electric air compressors are used almost everywhere, from home workshops and garages to gas stations to large industrial plants. There are different sizes for everything from the smallest home job to powering large tools. A pressure switch is used to stop the motor when tank pressure reaches a certain amount, usually a little over 125 psi, although usually that much pressure isn't even needed. You will be able to set the pressure requirements on your tool to reduce waste.

From the laboratory to your garage or job-site, electric air compressors are a handy way to reduce bulk and increase available space, as well as providing a long-lasting source of energy. I wouldn't hesitate to recommend them to anyone; the tools you use with it will last longer than others, and worry about wear and tear on lots of different parts will be something of the past.
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Electric Air Compressors- An Intro to Science Explanation