Himfr Reports Road Map For Nuclear Power Development In China
Stop once the Chinese nuclear power in recent years has pushed back to "fast track"
, its development strategy from the original "proper development" to "actively promote." Although there were still debate, but the momentum has been unstoppable at full speed.
Last year, the State introduced the planning that by 2020, China will build 31 nuclear power plants, nuclear power installed capacity will reach 40 million kilowatts of nuclear power share from the present 1.6% to 4%. This means that since 2004 China approved the construction of each of at least two one million nuclear power plant, that is, every year to build a "Daya Bay." This also marks the nuclear power in China's future development to play a more important role.
The need for sustainable development of nuclear power
China's nuclear power is speed of the background to highlight both the electricity shortage energy shortage situation, including the energy structure is irrational, to be adjust and optimize the reality.
In recent years, power shortages have restricted the development of China's sustained rapid economic bottleneck, as energy saving and adjustment of energy structure of the important measures, nuclear power has been incorporated into the national power development plan, step by step through the development stages, and gradually increase nuclear power in energy supply proportion. This year in March, Premier Wen Jiabao made important instructions specifically: to adjust energy structure, actively promote nuclear power. Prior to the leadership of the Office of the State Nuclear Power officially changed the national nuclear power independent of the Leading Group.
China's nuclear power started in the eighties of last century, after 20 years of development, has built an installed capacity of 6.7 million kilowatts, the construction of 10 units of about 930 million kilowatts of nuclear power generation capacity currently 2.3% of total electricity production, while Guangdong, Zhejiang provinces, the proportion of nuclear power has reached 13%, close to 16% of the world the proportion of nuclear power.
China's nuclear power development policy as "we, Chinese and foreign cooperation." Recent First Qinshan Li with the existing base, expansion of 2 60 million KW. Second, through an international tender to bring in international third-generation nuclear power technology, in Zhejiang Sanmen and Yangjiang in Guangdong were the construction of 2 million kilowatts of nuclear power station unit, the current evaluation work is now underway.
In nuclear power, to meet the needs of national economic development, China to maintain nuclear energy from the perspective of sustainable development, actively carry out advanced nuclear technology for energy use after 2020, in preparation.
At present, China's unique "fourth generation" nuclear technology - high-temperature gas-cooled reactor has been built, is planning construction of high-temperature gas-cooled reactor power generation demonstration project; fast reactor area, a 65 MW thermal power, electrical power The experimental fast reactor of 20 MW are under construction; thermonuclear is an ideal future energy, thermonuclear fusion research in China's remarkable achievements, and in 2003 joined the International Thermonuclear Experimental Reactor program.
Domestically oriented, two generations of technology together
Autonomy, localization is the purpose of developing nuclear power. China's nuclear power construction and operation have been able to basically own hand, but the design and manufacturing from the international level there is a gap. Independence of procurement to design and self as the core operating principle of autonomy, self-driven device made of. Design is leading, not independent design, equipment manufacture is undoubtedly made of empty talk.
Foreign technology transfer requirements, and continuously strengthen the digestion and absorption, is China's nuclear power to achieve "self-oriented, home-made" important approach. China Nuclear Power Station from the beginning, in equipment design and manufacturing, operational aspects, repeatedly asked foreign suppliers to increase technology transfer nuclear efforts made to speed up the process. One Qinshan 1, Qinshan 2 is independently designed, self-construction, equipment localization rate of 55% to 70%. It is learned that the "market for technology" foreign cooperation will continue to be used.
New nuclear power plant technology is the route of the debate over the focus, not only to the future development direction of China's nuclear power, but also cooperation with foreign big business profit point.
New nuclear power plants should be taken to the first generations of nuclear power technology: second-generation, second generation plus, or three generations? Parties from different perspectives. Nuclear Power Corporation of China Guangdong Nuclear Power as the representative of a party, to promote the adoption of more mature country now the second-generation nuclear reactor technology, the appropriate add some content, such as to extend the refueling period, of which the second generation increases. Believe that this based on security considerations and manufacturing capabilities are more secure, but also further enhance the localization rate, reduce costs, protect and enhance the existing nuclear power industry technology.
There are arguments that, my basic grasp of the second generation of nuclear power plant technology, the need to enter a new technological level. Now the third generation nuclear reactor technology has matured and put into commercial operation. Therefore suggested that in new projects to a higher level of foreign direct third-generation technology.
To fully grasp the current international third-generation nuclear reactor technology in France and the United States. Framatome nuclear power construction company in Finland led the first third-generation nuclear power plant (European Pressurized Water Reactor EPR), the technology is a progressive type. In addition, the U.S. nuclear company Westinghouse has also been a number of technology research, third-generation nuclear power technology to master the AP1000, which is a theory of revolutionary security technologies, not yet entered the field of practice to be verified.
Been concerned about China's nuclear power construction in the Chinese Vice Premier Zeng said in public recently, China's development of nuclear power development can not wait to the second generation, third generation technology promoted simultaneously.
White Power Group actively
Nuclear power nuclear family name or surname power? This is a nuclear power enterprises and enterprises subject of a dispute over the years, its back is a nuclear power plant owners to compete for qualification. In the field of nuclear power, nuclear power development by the China National Nuclear Corporation and China Guangdong Nuclear Power Group, has been dominating the world not to break the monopoly of China's nuclear power project stabling now controlled by the two companies, one of the five power group The electricity for the shares only.
At present, China has said nuclear power market opening, but the domestic to the five major power generating groups represented formally entered the field of nuclear power companies can now unknown. Countries do not have a clear policy to restrict nuclear power construction company holding.
In fact, the five power generation groups now face pressure to adjust the power structure and requirements. China Power Investment to undertake the former State Power Corporation of all nuclear assets, is the only top five power generation groups to the formation of companies involved in the field of nuclear power is first made fire, water, nuclear power generation development strategy of both companies an advantage in nuclear power makes electricity for the has become a leader in the field. The group are speeding up the preliminary work of two projects, one in Shandong Haiyang nuclear power plant, the other is located in Dalian, Liaoning Nuclear Power Plant Wafangdian red river. The latter is expected to become the first true power of enterprises belonging to nuclear power projects.
Other Power Generation Group is not far behind. Huaneng Group and Tsinghua University to cooperate on high-temperature air reactor, in November 2004 was officially launched in Shandong Weihai demonstration projects; Datang Group and China Huadian Group, respectively Ningde in Fujian, Fuqing nuclear power plant site and other preparatory work to implement; Guodian Shandong Haiyang nuclear power project, also shares.
The industry believes that nuclear power generation group to enter the field, you can break the existing nuclear Group and Guangdong Nuclear Power Group, the pattern of the field of nuclear power monopoly, introduce competition, faster and more conducive to the development of nuclear power.
By International Atomic Energy Agency statistics, by 2020, China's installed nuclear power capacity and nuclear power generation capacity will jump to the column the United States, France and Japan after the fourth. Shows that nuclear power development in China has a vast market space and a clear market demand to develop nuclear power to meet electricity demand, optimizing energy structure, ensure energy security, will become the only way for China's energy.
by: stefasuan
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