How Do Different Types Of Air Conditioning Units Work
Night was a wonderful time in Brooklyn in the 1930s
. Air conditioning was unknown except in movie houses, and so was television. There was nothing to keep one in the house. Furthermore, few people owned automobiles, so there was nothing to carry one away. That left the streets and the stoops. The very fullness served as an inhibition to crime.
- Isaac Asimov (1920-1992), legendary author of science fiction.
Unlike Asimov's Brooklyn of the 1930s, air conditioners are ubiquitous nowadays - no longer a luxury but a necessity. With so many types, sizes and energy efficiency ratings of modern air conditioners, the consumer is literally spoiled for choice. In fact, the abundance of choices can sometimes be disconcerting. To make the task of choosing easier, here are the different types of air conditioning units and how they work:
1. Window air conditioner - This is the most common type of air conditioner used to cool single rooms. All the components - compressor, condenser, expansion valve or coil, evaporator and cooling coil - are encapsulated in a box and fitted on a window sill or in an opening in the wall. Interior air is cooled as a fan blows it over the evaporator, while outside, the air is heated as a second fan blows it over the condenser. In this process, heat is drawn from the room and discharged outside the room. By reversing the process, heating is also possible with some models. Although inexpensive to install, it is not suitable if you are crammed for space.
2. Split air conditioner - As the name suggests, the air conditioning unit is split into two parts - the outdoor unit and the indoor unit. While the outdoor unit comprises of the compressor, condenser and the expansion valve, the indoor unit houses the evaporator or cooling coil and the cooling fan. Installation does not require any modification to the room and it has a small footprint. Moreover, with the latest designs on offer, a split air conditioner often adds to the aesthetic appeal of a room.
3. Portable air conditioner - A portable air conditioner does not need permanent installation and can be moved whenever required, although they do require exhaust hoses for venting. Portable air conditioners can be of following types:
Single hosed - has one hose that runs from the back of the unit to the vent kit where hot air can be released.
*Double hosed - one hose is used as the exhaust hose to vent hot air and the other as the intake hose to draw in additional air (usually from the outside).
* Split - similar to permanently installed split air conditioners, but movable.
* Heat and cool - besides cooling, it is also able to provide heat by reversing the cooling process so that cool air is collected from a room and warm air is released.
4. Central air conditioning system - Used for cooling big buildings, houses, hotels, offices, gyms, movie theaters, factories etc. Instead of individual units, the system consists of a big condenser and compressor fitted outside the building with cool air being distributed through air ducts. Since the air is pulled through a filter, airborne dust particles, pollen and microscopic pollutants are successfully removed.
by: Jim Knight
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