Laetiporus Sulphureus - Video Multiplexer - Fiber Optic Modem
Taxonomy
Taxonomy
Laetiporus sulphureus was first described as Boletus sulphureus by French mycologist Pierre Bulliard in 1789. It has had many synonyms, and finally gained its current name in 1920 by American mycologist William Murrill. Laetiporus means with bright pores and sulphureus means the color of sulphur.
Investigations in North America have shown that there are several similar species within what has been considered L. sulphureus, and that the true L. sulphureus might be restricted to regions east of the Rocky Mountains.
Description
The cap is small and knob shaped, overlapping in an irregular pattern. Wide, shaped like a fan, and directly attached to the trunk of a tree, it has a shelf-like appearance and is sulfur-yellow to bright orange in colour and a suedelike texture. When it is old, the cap fades to tan or white. The shelves often grow in overlapping clumps, and each one may be anywhere from 5 to 60 cm (2 to 24 in) in diameter and 4 cm (1.4 in) thick. The fertile surface is sulfur-yellow with small pores or tubes and has a white spore print.
Distribution and habitat
Laetiporus sulphureus is widely distributed across Europe and North Amerrica, although may be restricted to east of the Rockies.
The mushroom grows on dead or mature hardwoods such as oak, cherry, or beech from August through October or later, sometime as early as June. The species can also be found under conifers. It can usually be found growing in clusters.
Parasitism
The mushroom causes brown cubical rot on of the heartwood in the roots, base, and stem. At first, the wood is discolored yellowish to red. Later on, it becomes reddish-brown and brittle. At the last stage, the wood can be rubbed like powder between someone's fingers.
Guinness world record
A specimen weighing 100 pounds was found in the New Forest, Hampshire, United Kingdom on October 15, 1990.
Edibility
Because of the taste, people have called the the mushroom chicken polymore and chicken-of-the-woods. Many people think that the mushroom tastes like crab or lobster. The authors of Mushrooms in Color said that the mushroom tastes good sauteed in butter or prepared in a cream sauce served over toast or rice. It is highly regarded in Germany and North America. The mushroom is a good substitute for chicken. Some people might get a mild allergic reaction from eating the mushroom. Young specimens are edible if a large, clear watery liquid comes out of it. Some people have had gastrointestinal upset after eating this mushroom. The mushroom should not be eaten raw. Deer like to eat the mushroom.
Medicinal
The mushroom produces the Laetiporus sulphureus lectin (LSL) which has hemolytic and hemagglutination activities. Hemolytic lectins are sugar-binding proteins that lyse and agglutinate cells. The hemagglutination and hemolytic activity are started by binding carbohydrates.
Cultivation
The most dependable and rapid production of this mushroom is cultivation of it indoors. The mushroom does not require the heat and water that gilled mushrooms do. The mushroom is sensitive to carbon dioxide levels and light condition. Many cultivators manipulate the environment.
References
^ a b Hanchett Smith, Alexander; S. Weber, Nancy (1980). The mushroom hunter's field guide. University of Michigan Press. pp.64. ISBN 9780472856107. http://books.google.com/books?id=TYI4f6fqrfkC&pg=RA1-PA63&dq=Laetiporus+sulphureus&lr=&ei=6NaBS_jUJY26NqrCmecP&cd=14#v=onepage&q=Laetiporus%20sulphureus&f=false.
^ a b Kuo, Michael (March 2005). "Laetiporus sulphureus: The Chicken of the Woods". Mushroomexpert.com. http://www.mushroomexpert.com/laetiporus_sulphureus.html. Retrieved 23 February 2010.
^ a b "Laetiporus sulphureus". New Jersey Mycological Association. http://www.njmyco.org/mushpages/Laetiporus_sulphureus.html. Retrieved 2010-02-22.
^ a b L. Spahr; David (2009). Edible and Medicinal Mushrooms of New England and Eastern Canada. North Atlantic Books. pp.124. ISBN 9781556437953. http://books.google.com/books?id=nFZ-lwRXuNYC&pg=PA123&dq=Laetiporus+sulphureus&ei=6NGBS_SuCpTWNtjP2eoP&cd=1#v=onepage&q=Laetiporus%20sulphureus&f=false.
^ Multiple authors (2000). Fungal strategies of wood decay in trees. Springer. pp.73. ISBN 9783540672050. http://books.google.com/books?id=LZssbJ6g6PUC&pg=PA73&dq=Laetiporus+sulphureus&ei=6NGBS_SuCpTWNtjP2eoP&cd=8#v=onepage&q=Laetiporus%20sulphureus&f=false.
^ Glenday, Craig (2009). Guinness World Records 2009. Random House, Inc.. ISBN 9780553592566. http://books.google.com/books?id=aHYt0RNSDfgC&pg=PA209&dq=Laetiporus+sulphureus&lr=&ei=Go2CS_utE4moM5ehmOoP&cd=47#v=onepage&q=Laetiporus%20sulphureus&f=false.
^ a b K. Miller, Jr., Orson; H. Miller, Hope. Mushrooms in Color. South China Printing Co.. ISBN 0525931900.
^ Phillips, Roger (2010). "Laetiporus sulphureus". Roger's Mushrooms. http://www.rogersmushrooms.com/gallery/DisplayBlock~bid~6237.asp. Retrieved 23 February 2010.
^ Rost, Amy (2007). Survival Wisdom & Know How: Everything You Need to Know to Thrive in the Wilderness. Black Dog Publishing. pp.149. ISBN 9781579127534. http://books.google.com/books?id=a4Lvmt8VZY4C&pg=PA149&dq=Laetiporus+sulphureus&lr=&ei=XB2DS9iMGo30Mqab-ekP&cd=22#v=onepage&q=Laetiporus%20sulphureus&f=false.
^ Mancheo JM, Tateno H, Goldstein IJ, Martnez-Ripoll M, Hermoso JA (2005). "Structural analysis of the Laetiporus sulphureus hemolytic pore-forming lectin in complex with sugars.". J Biol Chem 280 (17): 17251-9. doi:10.1074/jbc.M413933200. PMID 15687495. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=15687495.
^ Stamets, Paul (2000). Growing gourmet and medicinal mushrooms. Ten Speed Press. pp.351. ISBN 9781580081757. http://books.google.com/books?id=jH-JI7pAOjAC&pg=RA1-PA351&dq=Laetiporus+sulphureus&lr=&ei=XB2DS9iMGo30Mqab-ekP&cd=29#v=onepage&q=Laetiporus%20sulphureus&f=false.
Categories: Edible fungi | Fungi of Europe | Fungi of North America | Polyporaceae
by: gaga
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