On The Building Of A Fire Emergency Lighting Design - Lighting A Fire Emergency Evacuation

Abstract: The fire emergency lighting system is a building security system is an important component

. Improve the design of fire emergency lighting should be power settings, lead selection and installation, selection and arrangement of lamps, lighting control, evacuation instructions and other links related strictly enforce the regulations to guarantee the state of emergency in the fire to play its due role.

Key words: fire emergency lighting; power supply; reliability; lamps; installation position control; evacuation instructions;

1, Introduction China has not yet issued

fire emergency lighting design special standards or specifications under the terms of existing norms, terminology, standards and practices is not yet unified, the designer will inevitably cause some confusion, I have this deep experience. Below from the relevant norms, combined with the situation encountered in the design, talk about the fire emergency lighting design should pay attention to some problems.

2, fire, building fire emergency lighting emergency lighting power supply load rating of the building should be the same level of fire power load, the power supply reliability should be the same.

Class High-rise building Fire emergency lighting requirements should be a load of power, Type II high-rise building fire emergency lighting requirements should be secondary load power, and should last with a distribution box office automatic switching device, the conversion time should be meet the "China Regulations" Appendix c.3.1 requirements. The following design experience combined with two examples.

(1) interior lighting fire pump room is a fire emergency backup lighting, time of continuous power supply should meet the fire pumps in the fire continued to work time requirements. GB50016-2006 section 11.3.2.4 "Strong article" Request: "Fire Pump House fire emergency lighting, should ensure the normal lighting of the illumination," that emphasizes the reliability of its supply and fire fighting equipment is the same. If Fire Pump Room lighting then out of the general lighting circuit using only light comes with batteries emergency light, and marked "Continuous supply of time not less than 30min", can not meet the requirements, in violation of "strong article." Working hours because of the fire pump in most cases greater than or equal to 2min, and Emergency lighting With the general provisions of the standard continuous power 90min. If the emergency lights continuous working time to 120min, As the lamps are standard products, if the increased supply of time, we must increase the volume and weight of the lamps made of non-standard products, not easy to handle, so not the best choice. If no emergency lighting in case of projects can be added in the fire pump power distribution box for the lighting of a small micro-off power.

(2) in the emergency diesel generator room lighting design that if generator room lighting power drawn from the mains and generator-powered emergency lighting switch box, and use of common fluorescent lamps, once the fire at night, city power failure power failure suddenly, they need diesel generators start into. As the diesel-electric power at a time has not been established, and therefore no power supply dual power switch box, generator room will start to lose the most basic lighting operation. Even the self-starting unit, may also fail from the start, but need artificial operation. Because the standby generator room lighting is to establish the special requirements of standby power settings, so we must set up own power lamps, as a transitional lighting, according to "China rules" 6.1.9.5 provides a continuous power supply should meet the time equal to or greater than 1, illumination should be equal to or greater than 50% of the general illumination.

3 fire wire of choice for emergency lighting and fire emergency lighting installation of distribution lines must meet the fire can be a continuous power supply requirements.

"High regulation", "low regulation" and "automatic fire alarm system design" in the cable laying method of selection and with no specific provision, only the emphasis on "fire protection measures." Combination of "people rules" of the relevant requirements, I believe that the intubation dark dressing is a reliable and economical way of laying in the feasible should be adopted. However, due to a fire emergency lighting lamps decorated with the decoration changes often, covert way of dressing is often difficult to adapt to site conditions, so wear a tube or groove, or more commonly used for surface laying mode. To ensure the reliability of power supply lines, alone on the metal pipe or metal trough to outer brush Fire retardant coating Fire protection measures, in reality difficult to achieve. The reason was mainly due to brushing process complex, multi-channel to be repeated, but also vulnerable to venues and weather, human factors, the impact is difficult to guarantee quality, but after a few years needs to re-brush and difficult to implement, so most do not reach to achieve the desired effect. I think we should focus on the cable itself and the laying of fire and flame retardant properties of the way with, wear metal pipe used for surface fire-resistant cables; wear metal trough, metal bridge next deposited, the use of fire-retardant fire-resistant cable, This can fundamentally solve the problem.

Own batteries for lighting, which seems independent of external supply line, in fact, if the fire should be the external power supply is reliable. Outside the power supply should mainly because of the reliability of the battery is closely related with the daily management, if not usually frequent inspection, maintenance, once lost external power, light and brightness can not be guaranteed, so the reliability of external power supply line can not be ignored. For in EPS Emergency lighting systems as power, because the lighting is not set comes with batteries, so EPS of distribution lines as the emergency lighting on the "lifeline", the selection and installation should be perfectly safe.

4, fire, emergency lighting options for the choice of lighting a fire emergency, the designer is often easy to ignore a problem. I combine the following design problems, talking about some of awareness.

(1) fire emergency lighting in particular, evacuation instructions must be able to instantly lit the light source, such as incandescent, fluorescent quick start, high frequency fluorescent lamps, halogen lamps and other low-power. In some places large space, such as theaters, shopping centers, warehouses, design, individual designers to the fire emergency lighting as part of back-lighting and general lighting uniformity, and the choice of metal halide lamp as a fire emergency lighting, this is actually wrong. Because metal halide lamps are high intensity gas discharge lamps, the filament from the cold state to full brightness needs 4 ~ 8min, lit a sudden power failure also need 4 ~ 5min before cooling starts again, it can not meet the requirements of instant light .

(2) evacuation indicator should choose specific lighting, but lighting design often fail to point out the capacity and dimensions. Fire situation, evacuation light visibility in smoke, clarity and lighting selection closely related. We are in the public

by: gaga

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