Retardant Application Of Technology And The Problems
Wood is widely used in the construction industry
. However, the inherent flammability limit the range of applications. Promulgated in the country, "architectural design code for fire protection," will the fire risks as category C, you can burn solid, and in accordance with the "interior architectural design code for fire protection," the combustion performance levels for the B2 level, that is flammable, if not The fire-retardant treatment, but not a ceiling decoration materials, building, wall decoration in use was greatly restricted. To control wood fire risk, expanding range of applications and must be fire-retardant treatment.
A wood fire-retardant treatment technology China 5,000 years ago has been coated with wooden posts outside the soil approach to fire safety. Later, huge wooden beams used to paint the cloth wrapped around and then coated with clay, gypsum and other flame retardant substances. In coastal areas, has long been treated with a water timber for the construction of the lighthouse. 60 years of the 20th century, China's successful development of non-expansive Fanghuo Qi, Fang Huoqi such as ethylene peroxide. In the 20th century, 70 to 80 years, has successfully developed intumescent Fire retardant coating Such as amino resins fire retardant coatings for wood finishing materials, fire protection layer. After 80 years of the 20th century, many of our universities, research institutes have conducted research retardant treatment. Ministry of Public Security in 1990 will be "Our flame-retardant technology and its related policy research" into the fire science and technology development planning, instructing the Sichuan Fire Research Institute for the project leader, by the Beijing Institute of Technology and other universities and institutions to participate in six, project carried out study. April 1994, presented the research report. The current market appeared a large number of fire-retardant wood products, mostly to ammonium polyphosphate or amino resin fixed Flame Retardant .
II Principles of wood flame retardant
Flame retardant through the following: inhibition of high temperature thermal decomposition of wood; inhibit heat transfer; inhibiting the oxidation of gas and solid phase reaction. Flame-retardant is not to isolate the above, but supplement each other, reinforce each other. A kind of flame retardant often have more than one role, and has its own focus area. Wood fire retardant formula which generally use two or more composite components, the components complement each other to enhance fire retardancy, and create synergies.
Retardant treatment in accordance with the coating surface treatment process can be divided into two treatment and impregnation. Surface coating is formed in the final processing of the surface of wood and its products, flame retardants or flame-retardant paint coating, or adhesive on its surface is not flammable material, this layer of protection by heat and oxygen to the flame retardant purposes. Advantages of surface coating can effectively control the spread of fire, small doses, effects on physical and mechanical properties of wood small, easy to operate simple equipment. Drawback is that once the protective layer is damaged, fire-retardant properties then disappear.
Timber coated with fire retardant paint fire retardant coating according to function into non-intumescent fire retardant coating and intumescent fire retardant coating.
Non-intumescent fire retardant coating by coating itself or not flammable, or by coating the next release in the flame and combustible gas formed in the surface enamel insulation membranes by anaerobic membrane to protect the substrate. Non-intumescent fire retardant coating is divided into two types of organic and inorganic. Inorganic non-intumescent fire retardant coating has good heat resistance, non-flammable, does not smoke, raw materials readily available, cheap, convenient construction. But the coating adhesion is poor, impatient moist, easy to crack. Non-intumescent fire retardant coating with alkyd resin organic fire retardant coating, polyurethane fire retardant coating, fire retardant coating epoxy, polyvinyl chloride and other fire retardant coating.
Intumescent fire retardant coating of intumescent fire retardant coating than the non-variety, superior performance, is the world's fire retardant coating direction. Intumescent fire retardant coating to heat, the first base coating material softening melting occurs, then the decomposition temperature of blowing agent to release flammable gas, which then swell to form a foam layer. Meanwhile, the dehydration catalyst carbide decomposed, generating strong acidic material with foam condensation reaction, the melt viscosity increased, the foam height increased, and further cross-linking reaction occurred. When the maximum volume of foam, the foam produces coagulation and carbonization, the formation of carbonized porous sponge-like layer structure, carbon foam insulation has excellent oxygen barrier protection.
Retardant Application Of Technology And The Problems
By: weihua
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