Safety Power Ensures Effective Nox Emissions

NOx is a term used to refer to a group of very reactive gases

. These gases do contain both Nitrogen and Oxygen gases in varying amounts. An exception to this being nitrous oxide. Most of them are odorless and colorless though some like nitrogen dioxide in the air can be seen as reddish-brown over a number of urban areas and has the potential of causing delayed chemical pneumonitis or even pulmonary edema. A gas such as NO is hazardous to human beings and it has the potential of causing nausea, irritation of the throat and eyes, tightness of chest, headaches or even a gradual loss of one's strength. On the other hand, NO2 vapors can cause very strong irritations in a person's pulmonary tract.

The fuel gases from combustion used to be vented straight into the air before the air regulatory laws were implemented. Nowadays, the regulations are tight and everyday new strategies to deal with NOx emissions are being sought after. This is so because of the above health hazards posed by the poisonous gases. Fuel NOx is a product of the oxidation of organo-nitrogen materials that are contained in fuel. Currently there are four control strategies for the emission of NOx. The first strategy is known as the pretreatment strategy. This is a preventive measure that seeks to minimize the generation of NOx. In this technique, the feed material which is the fuel is treated in order to reduce NOx. This can include fuel switching, oxidizer switching, use of additives and also product switching. An example of this can be the substitution of fuel oil for natural gas. By so doing, the quantity of nitrogen in the fuel will be greatly reduced and in the process reduce the amount of NOx emissions.

The second strategy is known as process modification. Several techniques can be employed to better the existing process to the extent of reducing the NOx emissions. Another method under process modification can simply entail the improvement in the process' thermal efficiency. By so doing, less fuel will be used per unit of production. This will reduce both the pollution emissions and the operational costs. The third strategy involves the combustion modification. Here, the NOx being formed is greatly reduced by change of the combustion process.

The final strategy is the post-treatment of the exhaust gases. This thus means that the gases have to produced first for them to be treated. This strategy generally involves a reducing agent. For modern diesel vehicles including trucks, the use of exhaust gas recirculation has proven to be a very efficient way to curb the levels of NOx emitted. Two other equally efficient methods are the use of a selective catalytic system for the emitted gases and the selective noncatalytic reduction. The selective catalytic reduction is the more efficient of the two. A great advantage of the post treatment is its ability to treat multiple exhaust streams simultaneously. Another advantage is that they are very simple to retrofit into existing processes. This ensures that no extra modifications are made to existing systems.

by:etomaria

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