San Diego : San Diego Became Part Of Mexico
San Diego (St
San Diego (St. Jacques), pronounced in English , is a coastal town in southern California, United States, located in the extreme south-west, near the Mexican border.
The city's population was 1,223,400 inhabitants in 2000, estimated at 1,305,736 in 2005; agglomeration into account 3,051,280 in 2005 and the urban area of San Diego-Tijuana 4,688,762. This is the second city of the state of California and the eighth in terms of population of the United States . She is known for its pleasant climate, its many beaches and for being an important naval base between its founding in 1769 and the end of the Cold War. Headquarters of many U.S. military installations, naval base hosts the largest naval fleet in the world. Many boats have been named USS San Diego in his honor .
The first European to visit the region was Portuguese explorer Juan Rodriguez Cabrillo (Cabrillo), at the request of the viceroy of New Spain, Don Antonio de Mendoza. Only later, in 1602, that San Diego was established as a military post by Sebastian Vizcaeno near a town called Indian Nipagay. Southern California was part of the colony of New Spain. A religious mission settled there in 1769, named San Diego de Alcala.
The first expedition was to establish a chain of missions in Alta California was composed of four different bodies of Franciscans and soldiers, two by land and two by sea Regarding picking up the goods by sea, only 126 of 226 settlers survived the ongoing battle against the headwinds along the coast of Baja California.
Don Gaspar de Portola, governor-designate of the new Upper California, was the designated leader of the expedition, composed of soldiers, dIndiens Christians of Lower California and dune few Franciscans. A ground teams were led by Captain Rivera attended the father Juan Crespi, the biographer of shipment. Portola led the second himself, accompanied by Father Serra, who been assigned the task of creating all the missions of the new territory by General Jose de Galvez linspecteur, Personal Representative of the King Spanish regions in Mexico.
1 July 1769, the survivors of the group led by Portola, the last to reach the designated point on the coast, arrived at their destination, after an arduous journey of two months in the arid and inhospitable territory of Baja California.
Father Junipero Serra is back and eager to establish a complex mission. After two weeks, a cross was erected on a hill overlooking the bay (this site is now known as Presidio Hill). The name of the mission was chosen after the name of a Franciscan canonized in 1588. Five years later she was moved to its current location because of proximity to a source and place fresh deau dhabitation Indians.
The ceremony having presided over the founding of Mission San Diego the fixed model to be used for the inauguration of subsequent missions. A large wooden cross was erected, a Mass is said and the local Indians are called by the bells tied to trees.
They offered gifts to win their trust. The "policy of small gifts" has not been successful anywhere in San Diego, Indians nacceptent not easily lintrusion Spaniards on their territory and attack mission during the first month. Father Junipero Serra will have to wait a year before the first child baptized Indian. Meanwhile a church was built and in 1774, relations with the Indians have improved, and lon has 60 baptized Indians.
In 1822, San Diego became part of Mexico. In 1834, he was elected first mayor, Juan Mara Osuna. The city became American after the Mexican-American War and was appointed as head of the County of San Diego. In 1885 a railway line linking it with the rest of the country.
The presence of naval forces became more important in 1907 with the establishment of a coaling station for ships. San Diego hosted two World Fairs in 1915 and 1935.
The Port of San Diego
Since the Second World War, the military presence has played a major role in economic life. After the end of the Cold War the armed personnel were however significantly reduced. San Diego has become a center specializing in biotechnology and is home to the headquarters of telecommunications giant Qualcomm.
by: Anna Kerry
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