The Appreciation Of Savannah, Georgia
Created in the year 1733 upon an area of land named Yamacraw Bluff for the nearby tribe of Indians
, Savannah was the first colony and later capital of the province of Georgia. The town's site at the estuary of the river meant it was an ideal site for a harbour from which wares including cotton, flax and hemp could be shipped to Great Britain.
English general James Edward Oglethorpe founded the town to build a sort of utopian location wherein residents were treated alike and worked in cooperation towards the universal benefit for all. Back in England anyone could be locked away merely for debts. Oglethorpe wanted Savannah as being a place in which a respectable man or woman, however unfortunate, might reside peacefully.
With that as his goal, he announced that liquor, slave ownership and attorneys were forbidden. Additionally, no individual resident was permitted to have more than 500 acres of property; settlers paid out a rent of four shillings for every one hundred acres to the King and trustees were not permitted to receive any wages. The residents were allowed to keep their English citizenship plus any children born to them would be considered citizens of England.
Oglethorpe and his partner, William Bull from South Carolina, planned a community in which households and businesses were constructed around a group of twenty four squares aligned in grid pattern. Those properties west and east of the squares would be for residences and those to the north and south the squares would be for commercial and other public buildings.
The settlement's optimistic plan eventually ended, beginning in 1742 when liquor was no longer forbidden, then in 1750 when owning slaves became acceptable, followed in 1755 once attorneys were permitted to take up residence in Savannah. Because of bad feelings between Great Britain and the Spaniards, who controlled Florida, Catholics who made up most of Spain's population were not alllowed to live there until 1748.
In addition to a group of Protestants from Salzburg in Austria, who were the victims of persecution in England, a similarly persecuted group of Jewish settlers, shortly after the town was founded in 1733, who started the South's first synagogue, Kahal Kodesh Mickve Israel.
During the Revolutionary War, an organization of American patriots known as "The Liberty Boys" gathered at a well-known tavern and 3 citizens of Savannah, Lyman Hall, George Walton and Button Gwinnett, were proud to have their names on the Declaration of Independence.
After 1820, due to the exports of rice, timber products and cotton, Savannah came to be one of the key towns in the country, in part due to its advantageous harbor. The city had spread out, its squares had become green and lovely, and elegant houses, many in Greek Revival, Gothic or Georgian style, encircled them.
When Civil War broke out, Union general William T. Sherman thought the city very beautiful he decreed it be saved, unlike many other Southern towns, however its residents suffered from being cut off from food and supplies during the Union blockade.
After the fighting was over, numerous former slaves joined those slaves would were freed before the war, and their population gradually increased, though they were, as was true in other towns throughout the south, the victims of segregation. The appearance of teachers willing to educate the former slaves helped, leading, in 1878, to the construction of the Georgia State Industrial College for Colored Youth, among the first schools in the country for black students.
In the 1950s and 1960s, notable NAACP members, that included Ralph Mark Gilbert and W.W. Law, performed an important part in the battle for Civil Rights, and followed Martin Luther King's direction in urging peaceful means to achieve their goal.
Nowadays Savannah is a multi-cultural community that draws in people from throughout worldwide with its architecture, beautiful squares and restored homes. The neighborhood around the squares, beginning with Forsyth Park and ending at River Street, where you can still see the original cobblestones and warehouses, is known as the Historic District and was chosen to be a National Historic Landmark, one of the largest in the country.
The Appreciation Of Savannah, Georgia
By: BarryDacron
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