The Olive And Olive Oil In Ancient Greece.

H examination of archaeological evidence concerning the use and importance of the

olive in antiquity confirms that this was one of the most useful and most popular trees of the Greeks, because of the sanctity of the economic importance and the various uses of everyday products and in religious life.

He was previously erroneously argued that the cultivation was transferred to Greece from Palestine. New evidence from pollen analysis reveals the presence in Greece since the Neolithic era. Systematic cultivation and certified to the Mycenaean period in various parts of Greece. But the Linear B records from the palace at Knossos, Pylos and Mycenae show the economic importance during the 14th and 13th century. BC In Knossos and Archanes found in vases of olive pits, and found in Zakros whole olives with their flesh, dating to 1450 BC peri Also olive pits found in tombs of Messara, while in other parts of Crete oil presses were found post-Mycenean II and III period (1450 - 1200 BC). Olives apeikonizontai and art of this era. A mural of the palace of Knossos l6ou century. BC a wonderful display grove, while the gold glasses from the Mycenaean tomb Vapheio Laconia (l6os century BC.) decorated with a representation of trees.

What says the legend?

According to mythology, the olive tree brought to the Greek Athena, which taught its cultivation. Feature is known episode of dispute of Athena and Poseidon for the name of Athens. The Acropolis was the sacred tree of Athena, the first olive tree that the goddess gave to the Greeks, and the Academy of the 12 sacred olives, moriai, and the sacred grove from which came the olive oil given to winners of the Anathematic festival. Indicative of the importance of the olive tree to Athens is that the Athenians in their currencies depicting Athena with an olive wreath on her helmet and a jar with oil or olive oil branch.

Another tradition says that Hercules (whose bat was of wild olive) olive sapling brought from the land of the Hyperboreans (mythical people who believed that the Greeks lived beyond the north or in another interpretation in the sky) and planted it in Olympia. With branches of the wreath of wild olive thereof, are crowned Olympic champions. With olive branches and was crowned the gold and ivory statue of Zeus at Olympia, by Phidias, one of the seven wonders of the ancient world.

Therapeutic idiotites

The oil used since antiquity for its healing properties. In the Hippocratic Code by more than 60 pharmaceutical uses. It was suitable for the treatment of skin diseases as antiseptic and healing to wounds, burns and gynecological diseases. Probably served as a means of contraception. Also used as an emetic and for ear problems. As food help tackle heart disease. Apart from oil for their healing properties and used the leaves and flowers of olives that are produced concoction that was used as eye drops to treat inflammation of the gums and stomach ulcers.

The oil is also used as a lubricant, eg mechanisms in metal or wooden parts. For maintenance of ivory, leather and metal paste using oil-based. This maintenance. Gold and ivory statue of Zeus at Olympia, according to information sources, was made with oil.

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