To See How The United States Fiscal Policy To Address Climate Change - Energy Efficiency, Energy -

Early in December, "United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change

," the Assembly will be held in Copenhagen, which is the most important since the establishment of a Convention Assembly of States Parties. The United States has failed to produce greenhouse gas emissions by 2020, a timetable and quantitative indicators, the international community is intensifying its work to promote the United States made a commitment to this end. Although Obama holds a positive attitude, but climate change policies led by the Congress and the Government, relevant stakeholders in decision-making, federal and state governments to determine their own policy system. At the federal level, Congress played a vital role, and examine major policies, deciding the organization, the decision process of climate change policy and direction; at the local level, from state to state, between state and federal, also have climate change policies different, the U.S. climate change policy remains uncertain.

Experts believe that the federal government slow action on climate change, funding is limited, the policy is insufficient; contrast, the local government legislative and policy progress in the rapid, about 40 states to establish a greenhouse gas reporting system, more than 30 states set up renewable Energy Development goals, developed a climate action plan, more than 20 states implemented emissions trading policy. In the implementation, follow the "small government, big society" principle, the Government's main duty is to supplement the market mechanism to solve the external problems, maintaining the overall interests of society and the public, mobilize the forces of climate change. The federal government focus on climate change research and policy development, renewable energy and other energy technology development and utilization of a global climate observing system, and strengthen the areas of resource management activities, and through a series of measures to promote fiscal policy. Following our fiscal policy to support the United States how to make climate change a brief introduction.

1, the main tax policy measures

(A) of the federal budget U.S. climate change research and technology the highest governing body is the Cabinet-level "Climate Change and Technology Integration Committee", responsible to the President of the provision of meteorological science and technical advice, scrutiny of the federal R & D projects related to all departments, coordination with the White House budget office to address climate change budgets; review of climate change recommendations. The Committee consists of two institutions: "The U.S. Climate Change Research Program" office, led by the Ministry of Commerce, to conduct climate research, climate science does not reduce the reliability of identification of vulnerable areas of research investment, to provide policy support for decision makers ;, "United States Climate Change Technology Program," Office of the Energy Department to support the national laboratory and university-related technology research, promote research and application partnerships to develop and improve the emissions measurement technology, for the "United Nations Climate Change Framework Convention "set long-term emissions reduction goal.

Federal budget arrangements, and expenses related to climate change is divided into four categories: science, technology, international operations and a tax credit. Climate change science, including meteorology, agriculture, forestry, biology, environmental studies, traffic management and other areas of research activities to address climate change, public Education , The operation of relevant institutions, research and equipment expenses; climate change technology programs, including climate change technology research and development, various types of funds, grants and concessional loans, project guarantees, such as establishing standard system; international operations, including international organizations and project funds support, development assistance, international disaster reduction, protection of tropical rain forest, the Global Environment Facility-servicing costs and related expenses of diplomatic and consular affairs; tax relief for new technologies, clean fuels Car , Holds a clean renewable energy bonds, energy efficiency of new housing construction, has been built to improve residential energy efficiency, energy efficiency equipment, residential Solar Energy And the purchase and installation of fuel cells, commercial fuel cell power plant installed to provide tax incentives and the provision of commercial building energy efficiency grants, energy subsidies.

Which support energy conservation and new energy development is a policy priority. Department of Energy's energy efficiency and renewable energy is responsible for matters relating to energy conservation and new energy development, improve energy efficiency and productivity, to the market transfer of clean, reliable, and can transfer energy technologies, energy efficiency, through its budget planning and project implementation. Fiscal year 2009, energy efficiency and renewable energy bureau's budget was 12.55 billion U.S. dollars, mainly for: 1) the development of renewable energy technologies and promote a substantial increase clean energy production; 2) to promote energy efficiency technology; 3) information services, to promote large-scale rapid transformation of energy systems. The Authority also meet with federal and state governments, through the introduction of policies and regulations, technical research and development, demonstration and promotion, discount and loan guarantees, subsidies for energy-saving low-income families, business energy audits, implement energy efficiency standards for identity development, advocacy and information education services, strengthening government institutions and other energy conservation methods, and vigorously promote energy conservation and new energy activities.

(B) tax relief and allowances and subsidies policy

Tax relief measures, fiscal policy response to climate change is the most extensive and important measures. Broadly, tax breaks, including tax incentives, tax exemptions, subsidies, tax incentives and other forms bonds. In fiscal 2008, the federal government between 2006-2012 energy efficiency and renewable energy tax incentives effect is estimated as follows

On the part of tax relief for energy-saving products is the U.S. federal and state governments to improve energy efficiency, energy-saving awareness of the importance of strengthening the residents of one of the measures. "Energy-saving equipment and reduced taxes" to promote energy-saving products and equipment to promote the use of scale. In the construction field: For new homes, where in 2004 on the basis of international energy efficiency standards for energy efficiency by 50% or more of new construction, tax relief 2000 U.S. dollars to meet "Energy Star" standard for residential tax breaks available to 1,000 U.S. dollars; the existing Residential, owner of international energy efficiency standards available to achieve the related costs incurred by the 10% discount amount, a maximum of 500 U.S. dollars.

by: gaga

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