What Are The Causes And Symptoms Of Ovarian Cysts?

What Are The Causes And Symptoms Of Ovarian Cysts

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Ovarian cysts are common in women at reproductive age. In most of the cases, they are normal and they don't signalize any medical condition. There are also cases when they start posing problems and require immediate measures and treatment. This is why it's always best to investigate their nature and their causes. In fact, ovarian cysts are small sacs that appear on the ovaries and are filled with liquid. They can be of more types, but in most of the cases they are follicular ones and their main cause is the actual ovulation process.

When ovaries release and egg this is found in a sac called follicle. The egg develops there and it eventually reaches the uterus, where it's either fertilized or expelled during menstrual period. Sometimes the egg doesn't leave the follicle, it starts growing in there and it forms the ovarian cysts. Other times, the egg is expelled in the uterus, but the follicle fills in with fluid and this is how the cyst is formed. In both of these cases the problem solves without the woman doing anything. The cysts simply regress back into the ovary and sometimes there aren't any symptoms associated with them. Many women might develop ovarian cysts without even knowing it.

There are also cases when ovarian cysts have symptoms. These are the result of fracture or of the fact that the cysts are applying pressure on other tissues or on the ovaries. The main symptom in these cases is abdominal pain. Cysts can be observed at an ultrasound exam and in the great majority of the cases they are not cancerous.

Other types of cysts can be more threatening for a woman's health and can have different causes than ovulation. Cystadenoma, for instance is caused by tissue that is found outside the ovaries, while endometrioma is caused by endometrial tissue that grows on the ovaries. Dermoid cysts are filled with different types of tissue and hemorrhagic cysts are usually having blood inside. Some women might face polycystic ovaries, meaning that their eggs are rarely released from follicles and end up in forming a multitude of cysts on the ovaries. All these ovarian cysts are usually painful and might also bleed.

In case of follicular cysts, there is usually no treatment required. However, the cysts are monitored in order not to grow or to start causing troubles. Birth control pills are sometimes used in order to reduce the dimensions of the cysts. In severe cases, surgery might be needed, but it is usually only removing the cysts. Ovaries are rarely removed and hysterectomy is only needed if the cysts are cancerous.

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