Who Discovered Dna?

DNA can be looked at as a set of codes which contains information that has been inherited from the parents

. It contains protein codes that decide how dark or tall a person will be or almost how long the person will live.

DNA stands for deoxyribonucleic acid. Its discovery has been credited to the research of James Watsons and Francis Crick. Rosalind Franklin is another important name that comes up.

Studies on DNA were done in early 1950s by Nobel laureate, Linus Pauling. He proposed a sample of DNA model when stationed at California Institute of Technology. During the same time in England, James Watson and Francis Crick were doing research on the structure of hemoglobin, and not DNA. Meanwhile, Maurice Williams was studying DNA molecule at Kings College in London. He wanted an x-ray expert and Rosalind Franklin easily filled the role. After two years, a complete model of DNA was publicly presented by Watson and Crick.

DNA passes on 50/50 from parents. The DNA transferred from the parents are of two types, genotype and phenotype. When these two are considered, it can be guessed what the offspring will be like. One can be confusing to go with. It should be remembered that genes dont combine literally. Genes are transferred from generation to generation depending on the strongest side. This is the reason some traits show in one generation and disappear in the next. Traits are not needed for a persons survival is repressed. However they dont disappear completely.

Besides being the imprint of parents, it gives us and doctors an idea of possible diseases. There are many ways in which DNA is used. Scientists use it to study animal, plant and human genetics with the view of improving their conditions. Cloning is one aspect that easily comes to mind but there are positive aspects. For instance, stem cell therapy for curing cancer.

Every person has a unique DNA and this helps in solving many criminal cases. DNA identification is a science itself. J Craig Venter successfully decoded the sequence of DNA. He had initially worked with the US government and helped to identify 20,000 25,000 genes making the DNA. Within three years, he successfully identified 24,000 genes in humans.

To settle the issues of race completely, Venter proved that every human has the same genetic makeup. Variations such as build, skin color and others are genetically pointless. It shows that the ancestral mother of every human is same.

by: Tauqeer Hassan

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