Finishing Techniques for Medical Textiles
Finishing Techniques for Medical Textiles
Technical textiles are one of the fastest growing sectors of the global textile industry. According to 'Technical Textiles and Industrial Nonwovens: World Market Forecast to 2010' published by David Rigby Associates it is forecast that the world market for technical textiles and industrial Nonwovens will reach 23.8 mn tons with a value of $ 126 bn by 2010. The drivers for future growth of this industry are expected to be Asian countries like China and India.
The Indian technical textile industry was estimated by Tata Economic Consultancy Services (TECS) to be about Rs 23,300 crore during 2005-06 which is expected to increase to Rs 29,600 crore ($ 7.5 billion) by 2007-08 registering a growth of 11.51 % per annum, while the total textile production may touch over $ 45 billion.
The Working Group for the 11th Five Year Plan has projected the market size of technical textiles to grow at about 15% per annum and at this growth rate, the market size for technical textiles will increase from Rs 26,076 crore ($ 6.5 billion) in 2006-07 to Rs 52,200 crore ($ 13 billion) by 2011-12. Keeping such high growth rate of the Technical Textiles market in view the Prime Minister Dr Manmohan Singh in his Valedictory Address announced, during the Tex-Summit 2007 organized by the Ministry of Textiles on 31st August and 1st September 2007, about the launching of Rs 689 crore Technology Mission on Technical Textiles in the 11th Five Year Plan.
An objective of the Mission will be to focus on key segments viz Agrotech, Meditech, Buildtech and Geotech. These sectors are expected to grow at a rate of 8%, 12%, 15%, and 15%, respectively. The Meditech will focus on sanitary napkins, incontinence diapers, baby diapers, surgical dressings, healthcare textiles, sutures, medical devices and implants. The market size for these products will grow from Rs 1280.32 crores to around Rs 2256.36 crore during 2006-07 to 2011-12.
Textiles used for medical, healthcare and hygiene are classified as Medical textiles or Meditech. Some areas of usage are:
Non-implantable materials - For wound care that includes absorbent pad and bandages
Textiles in Extracorporeal devices - Like artificial kidney, liver and lungs.
Implantable materials - Like sutures (biodegradable and non-biodegradable), soft tissue implants, artificial tendon (meshes)" artificial ligament, artificial cartilage, orthopedic implants, artificial joint, cardiovascular implants, vascular grafts, heart valves.
Healthcare/hygiene products - Include bedding, clothing, surgical clothes, products for feminine hygiene like sanitary napkins, baby and adult diapers etc.
Finishing
Most of the medical textiles are prefabricated ready-to-use products. They are made from various bio-compatible skin-friendly fibres with some inherent properties and added functionalities. The added functionalities may be imparted during the production of the fibres or applied as a specialty finish to the fibre, yarn, fabric or the product itself.
Various techniques of application are required for finishing of medical textiles with specific finish that may include: coating, spraying, padding etc. Such finishes must be applied in infection-free environment or the finished product may be required to be sterilized before use. The finish to be applied may have an auxiliary function or may be an integral part of the whole product. Standard products for coating on the field of medical application are self adhesive plaster, wound dressing and compresses, plaster and bandage materials, collagen and siliconised tissues, and operation and post-operative textiles such as clothing and covers. The properties required may be hydrophobicity, hydrophobicity, alcohol repellency, water density and medicine release and Nano porosity.
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