Solar Ingots- One of the Resourceful Modern Day Discoveries

Solar Ingots- One of the Resourceful Modern Day Discoveries

The basic component of solar cells is silicon, which is impure in its natural state. Different manufactures use different methods for the conversion of solar cells and modules into solar electricity. In one method, a silicon seed crystal is lowered into molten silicon liquid, and as the seed crystal is pulled out of the quartz crucible, a cylindrical silicon crystal forms on the seed crystal. This method requires precise specifications to ensure uniform crystal growth and contaminant-free ingots. Photo-voltaic cells are thin silicon disks used in the conversion of the sun's energy into electricity. The disks act as energy sources, catering for a wide variety of domestic devices such as telecommunication equipment, rooftop panels and lighting.Traditionally, ingot making involves silicon and doping agents being melted and lowered into a crucible, and then lowering a seed into the molten silicon liquid. When the seed makes contact with the mixture, it forms a crystal. It is then pulled away and after about 12 hours the crystal silicon forms a long pure ingot measuring a diameter of around 6m. The ingot is then cut down into the small wafers which act as the primary component of the first generation solar cells. Silicon wafers are doped by adding boron during the process, where the wafers are then sealed and laced in a furnace, heating them to a temperature close to the melting point of silicon and then phosphorus gas is added to the equation. During the procedure, the phosphorus atoms burrow themselves into the silicon, which by then is close to becoming a liquid. The details of the process are carefully observed in order to ensure the correct blending. This process, however, has its own discrepancies, for as the ingot grows, the ratio of silicon versus dopant changes, resulting in resistivity against the electric current flow. This causes inconsistencies and high maintenance costs, not to mention impaired overall production power in the solar power. The solar module consists of a conductor which is covered by protective materials within a metal frame. The materials protecting the silicon consist of transparent silicon rubber engraved around the cell. Before the solar industry peaked, the majority of silicon was made for the electronic chip industries, and eventually when industry did soar, the same silicon manufactures served the solar industry.Nowadays silicon ingots are inspected for their length, weight, diameter and conductivity as well as their lifespan. Results are recorded and saved on disks or the network, and identified by a laser bar-code within the tool. The weight and perpendicularity are also thoroughly scrutinized, with the dimensions verifiable by laser transducers. Each electrical contact connects a solar cell to another and then to the receiver. The contacts should be as thin as possible so as to ensure minimum blockage to the sun. After placing the contacts, very thin strips, usually tin coated copper, are placed within the cell. Care and control of solar cells is vital, if one expects long lasting usage of solar power, and maintenance protocol is the key in minimizing expenses.

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