Stevia - Sweetner for Diabetics - CSIR - IHBT Technology

Stevia - Sweetner for Diabetics - CSIR - IHBT Technology

Stevia

I have seen this technologyin the CSIR Technofest 2010, showcased by Council of Scientific and Industrial Research (CSIR), New Delhi, at India International Trade Fair during November 14-27, 2010 New Delhi, India. I understand that "Stevia - Sweetner for Diabetics" was developed by Indian Himayan Bioresources Technology (IHBT), Palampur, Himachal Pradesh, under the aegis of CSIR, New Delhi.

This is agro based technology developed by IHBT, Palampur, for Stevia (Stevia rebaudiana) and productin of steviosides and rebaudiosides through processing of dried leaves of stevia. In general, we can say just this is a form of sugar developed from the dried leaves of the crop stevia. This sugar has zero calories and it is 300 times sweeter than sugarcane. It helps to diabetic, obesity and other patients.

The steviol glycosides are more sweet taste in the leaves of the stevia plant (Stevia rebaudiana Bertoni). These are 40 to 300 times more sweater than sucrose. They are heat-stable, pH-stable, and do not ferment. They also do not induce a glycemic response when ingested, making them attractive as natural sweeteners to diabetics and others on carbohydrate-controlled diets.

Steviosides are used for preparation of pharmaceutical products (helpful for hypoglycemia and diabetes), for flavour enhancer, in food and beverage application as a replacement for sugar and artificial sweeteners, in herbal tea etc. Steviosides are 250- 300 times sweetener than sugar.

It grown as a perennial in subtropical and mild temperate regions but must be grown as an annual in mid and high altitude. It has been introduced in Himachal Pradesh, Jammu & Kashmir, Punjab, Haryana, Uttar Pradesh, Uttaranchal, Madhya Pradesh, Karnataka, Tamil Nadu, etc. which are suitable regions in India.

Average maximum and minimum temperature between 10 oC- 37 oC during the active crop growth period. Relative humidity ranging from 65 - 85 %. Stevia can tolerate rains but is prone to frost. Thrives best in well drained red soil and sandy loam soil with a pH ranging from 5.5- 7.7.

Propagation through stem cuttings as well as through seeds. Transplanted rooted cuttings give better results. Rooted cuttings of 4- 5 weeks old. These are transplanted in the field during March- April and June- July at spacing of 45 cm x 45 cm.

Agricultural practices at IHBT - Frequent irrigation after transplanting and then at weekly interval. Fertilized through organic manures by applying 25- 30 ton/ha FYM at the time of field preparation. First harvest taken 75- 90 days after transplanting and subsequent harvests after 60- 75 days of the first harvest - Economic life: 3-4 yr.

Average fresh biomass yield of 25 - 30 ton per hectare per year from two harvests gives 13- 16 q/ha dried leaf yield.

The below links may be useful for more details and information

http://www.ihbt.res.in

http://www.csir.res.in

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