Volta's discovery
Alessandro Volta Poyavlenie "Treatise ..." aroused great interest in many different countries
. The following year he released his second edition. Galvani a short time becomes famous. Many prominent scientists broke a repetition of his experiments and test results. Among them was the Italian physicist Alessandro Volta, in his youth Correspondence pupil Abbe Nollet.
At that time (1792) Volta was already well-known physicist, professor at the University of Pavia, a member of the Royal Society. By this time he invented a new sensitive electroscope, electric capacitor and a number of other devices. His research interests all his life were mainly associated with electricity, and the work of Galvani made a great impression on him.
In the first 10 days of receipt of the Treatise ... "he puts a lot of new experiences, fully confirms the results of Galvani and set to introduce a measure in this new area of science, ie, a quantitative study of" animal electricity ", to measure its magnitude Electrometry and the charge required to call the contraction of the muscle, ("You never can do anything of value, if not to reduce the phenomena to the degrees and dimensions, especially in physics - writing Volta.).
In the first experiments he finds that the drug frogs are highly sensitive to electrical discharge and reduction occurs at such a weak charge the Leyden jar, which can not be detected with the best of the electrometer.
Volta's discovery verifies Galvani and "closes" it
Galvani in all their experiments enclose one end of a metal conductor to the nerve, and the other - to the muscle. This was connected with his idea that the muscle - Leyden jar, which is discharged through the nerve.
Volta diversifies the experimental conditions, making different products, is making the conductor in various ways. He is interested in the quantitative aspect of the case, so he is looking for conditions under which the minimum charge causes the muscles. When he finds out that the best reduction arises when an external conductor closed two separate plot is well prepared nerve. Hence, he concludes that no muscle is discharged through the wire and the nerve, but on the contrary, the nerve, which is more sensitive to irritation, excited and something passes into the muscle.
Thus, the belief in the Volta Galvani theoretical views have strongly shaken. If Galvani could be mistaken, considering it is the muscle source of "animal electricity", he could make other mistakes. And so the question arises in the Volta at the core of the work of Galvani - the existence of "animal electricity".
It raises the question why the two closest points of the same nerve, which in all similar, discharge takes place, when they close the guide? This is contrary to the principle of causality. And why the trailing wire to the success of the experience should consist of two different metals? After all, the role of the conductor, according to the views of Galvani, only to close the circuit. But for the closure of the chain of only one type of metal.
Volta began a detailed study of this issue. He tries a combination of different pairs of metals. If these metals play a role of prime conductor, then their nature must not have values. But if these metals for some reason are themselves a source of electricity (this is a new revolutionary idea Volta, who managed to overcome the credibility of Gilbert!), Then the power source may depend on a combination of metals. And the Volt is such a relationship.
Volta's discovery
By: Hawk
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