Canadas Housing Construction System: Improve Business And Technical Knowledge

The purpose of this document is to improve technical business and knowledge of the

system of construction and operation of buildings and houses in Canada.

The construction industry employs many workers with various skill levels, from entry-level labourers to highly-skilled trades and specialists. There is an educational infrastructure in Canada to provide initial education appropriate for the job demands, make available ongoing short courses and updates, and register both firms and workers. Some provinces/territories have minimum training requirements for certified or licensed practitioners.

Trades Training

Provincial/territorial governments are responsible for administering publicly operated training programs, including apprenticeship, trades training, vocational training and licensing/ certification. Community colleges offer most of the courses for initial trade qualifications. There are ongoing efforts to coordinate training and apprenticeship requirements across the country, to facilitate labour mobility. Several provinces support specialized colleges for fire safety training.

Professional Architects and Engineers

Governing bodies for professional architects and engineers set training requirements across the country. To qualify for a license to practice, these professionals must complete a recognized course of study at an accredited post-secondary institution, as well as a period of internship. Specialist and updating courses are also available, and are mandatory in some jurisdictions.

Other Courses

Many voluntary courses are available for workers and management in all types of trade and building firms. Some are offered through community colleges, some through associations, some directly through manufacturers. Certain courses of study may lead to accreditation, usually on a voluntary basis, that help people to demonstrate their qualification to perform the work.

Provincial/Municipal Licensing

Requirements vary from province to province. All provinces set up self-regulating licensing bodies for architects and engineers. Quebec requires all contractors and trades to be licensed with the Rgie du btiment du Qubec. British Columbia requires all residential builders and renovation contractors to be registered with the Homeowner Protection Office. Many municipalities require specific trades to be licensed in order to conduct business in their jurisdiction.

Systems to Allocate Responsibility

Basic responsibilities are established through the body of laws passed by the federal and provincial/territorial governments. In the common law jurisdictions, responsibilities are also established by court precedents. Other responsibilities are outlined in contracts. Building and safety codes acts are a fairly small part of the overall system to allocate responsibilities.

Legal Framework

Quebecs civil code makes builders, architects and engineers who have managed or inspected the work, subcontractors (for their own work) and vendor/promoters jointly liable for defects in the work for one year. For major defects, that extends to a period of five years from the date of completion.

In the common law provinces and territories, most claims would be covered by contract law, the laws of negligence, and the statutes of limitations. The principle of joint and several liability means that anyone partially responsible for a construction defect that causes damages can be required to pay the whole amount if the other parties are unable. Statutes of limitations set the time limit for pursuing claims. Albertas 1994 Safety Codes Act sets out roles and responsibilities for all the parties to a construction project. There is a 10-year final limitation on claims arising from construction. British Columbias Homeowner Protection Act sets penalties for people who build and sell homes without obtaining the required warranties.

Contracts

Construction contracts vary, but are usually based on industry standards. They generally include a description of the responsibilities and work to be done (often referencing drawings and specifications), price, construction schedule, warranty terms, insurances, and how changes, delays or disputes will be handled.

A contract is legally binding on the parties to it.

by: knock-knock

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